Harrison's PodClass: Internal Medicine Cases and Board Prep Ep 143: 5 Cases for Antibiotic Prophylaxis
Apr 24, 2025
Explore the intriguing complexities of antibiotic prophylaxis through five real-life case studies. Delve into guidelines for various clinical scenarios, including meningococcal contacts and dental procedures. Understand the vital role of prophylactic antibiotics in surgery, with a focus on proper timing and administration of IV cefazolin. The discussion sheds light on the critical balance needed to prevent complications while combating antibiotic resistance.
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Selective Antibiotic Prophylaxis Use
- Use antibiotic prophylaxis only in selected clinical scenarios where infection risk outweighs antibiotic risks.
- Limit timing and duration to maximize efficacy and minimize resistance and side effects.
Antibiotics for Cat Bites
- Prophylactic amoxicillin-clavulanate for five days is recommended for cat bites that break the skin and cause bleeding.
- Cat bites have the highest infection risk among domestic animals, so prophylaxis is important.
Meningococcal Prophylaxis Guidelines
- Give a single oral dose of ciprofloxacin or a two-day rifampin course for close contacts of patients with meningococcal meningitis.
- Prophylaxis is essential due to the risk of transmission and severity of disease.