Science journalist Angela Saini discusses her book 'The Patriarchs: The Origins of Inequality' and how to reset gender norms. Topics include the role of size and physical strength in male domination, gender dynamics in India, revolution vs reform in challenging the patriarchy, unpaid labor, and the origins of patriarchy throughout history.
Biological differences in size or physical strength do not determine power dynamics in primate societies, challenging assumptions about male dominance.
The roots of patriarchy can be traced back to the rise of early states, which prioritized population growth and defense, pressuring women to have more children and men to fight for the state.
Deep dives
The Evolutionary Roots of Gendered Behavior
In the podcast episode, Angela Saini discusses her book 'The Patriarchs,' which challenges assumptions about the patriarchy. She refers to a study on bonobo apes to demonstrate that not all primate species exhibit male dominance. Despite being slightly bigger, male bonobos do not hold authority, while older females do. Saini emphasizes that biological differences in size or physical strength do not necessarily determine power dynamics. She argues that even in human societies, leaders are often older individuals who build powerful networks and alliances.
The Influence of State Structures on Patriarchy
Saini delves into the rise of patriarchy, highlighting the impact of early states on gender dynamics. In these state structures, the elite were particularly concerned with population growth and defense. As a result, women were pressured to have more children, while men were expected to fight for the state. Saini suggests that the roots of patriarchy can be traced back to the rise of these early states and their preoccupations with population and defense.
The Importance of Reform and Cultural Change
Exploring the possibility of rebooting the patriarchy, Saini discusses the significance of reform and cultural change. She notes that legal changes have occurred in the last couple of hundred years, challenging the traditional power dynamics between men and women. However, she emphasizes that cultural change and reshaping societal norms takes time. Saini highlights the need for rethinking labor, recognizing the value of unpaid work often performed by women, and addressing the gender biases entrenched in modern societies.
In her latest book, The Patriarchs: The Origins of Inequality, science journalist Angela Saini argues that it’s not biology alone that formed the basis for the patriarchy. The history of the patriarchal state is much more complex. For example, one of the most radical attempts to overhaul gender inequality came from an unlikely actor: the Soviet Union.
Saini joins host Ravi Agrawal to discuss how to reset gender norms in our workplaces, homes, and communities.
Global Reboot is produced in partnership with the Doha Forum.