How Empire and Environmental Destruction Go Hand-In-Hand
Dec 16, 2024
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Dr. Sunil Amrith, a historian at Yale and author of 'The Burning Earth: A History,' dives deep into the links between empire, environmental destruction, and migration over 800 years. He reveals how foundational human conflicts have historically fueled ecological harm, starting as far back as the Mongol Empire. The discussion also highlights the urgent need for peace in climate action and showcases inspiring youth activism driving sustainable practices today. Examining these intertwined crises offers crucial lessons for our future.
The history of empires, particularly through events like the Mongol expansion, illustrates the deep-rooted connection between environmental destruction and human activity over centuries.
Major conflicts, such as World War I and II, reveal how warfare significantly drives resource exploitation, exacerbating environmental degradation and highlighting the need for peace in climate action.
Deep dives
Historical Roots of the Climate Crisis
The climate crisis has deep historical roots, with significant events like the Mongol Empire's expansion in the 13th century marked as critical turning points. This empire catalyzed heightened levels of environmental transformation, establishing early globalization by connecting diverse ecologies and trade routes across Eurasia. Such transformations were pivotal, as they laid the groundwork for escalating environmental exploitation that continues to this day. The impacts of historical empires underscore the long-standing relationship between human activity and environmental change, suggesting that understanding these connections is vital for addressing the climate crisis.
War as a Driver of Environmental Change
The podcast highlights the role of major conflicts, particularly World War I and II, as significant factors in the environmental crisis due to their demand for resources. World War I is described as the first 'carbon-fueled' war, essential in demonstrating how warfare fundamentally shifted resource acquisition, notably the immense need for petroleum. Additionally, the use of nitrogen for explosives and fertilizers during this war had lasting impacts on agricultural practices and environmental degradation. The consequences of wars extend beyond immediate human suffering, revealing how military actions can create lasting harm to ecosystems and contribute to climate change.
Twinning of Human and Environmental Suffering
The concept of 'twinning' illustrates the interconnectedness of violence against people and the environment, positing that ecological destruction often accompanies human genocide and conflict. Current global conflicts, such as those in Ukraine and Gaza, are exemplified as ongoing instances where warfare exacerbates environmental damage, leading to prolonged suffering. This perspective emphasizes the need for understanding environmental sustainability as integrally tied to peace and social justice efforts. Thus, addressing climate change effectively requires acknowledging and repairing the dual harms inflicted on both humanity and the planet in times of conflict.
“The Burning Earth” examines over 800 years of history to demonstrate how violence against people and the planet are one and the same. Also, the host of the “Hazard NJ” podcast talks about the origins of PFAS “forever chemicals” and their impact on New Jersey residents.
How Empire and Environmental Destruction Go Hand-In-Hand
A new book called The Burning Earth: A History takes on a massive question: How did we get here? “Here” being this point in environmental history and decades deep into the climate crisis. Over the span of 800 years of history, the book connects the dots of how the pursuit of empire, environmental destruction, and human migration led us to this moment in time.
SciFri producer Kathleen Davis talks with author Dr. Sunil Amrith, a historian at Yale University. They discuss some common threads that run through human and environmental history, why peace has to be a part of climate action, and what we can learn from understanding the past.
Transcripts for each segment will be available after the show airs on sciencefriday.com.