Not All Propaganda is Art 1: Operation Younger Brother
Jan 23, 2024
auto_awesome
Guests Richard Wright, Kenneth Tynan, and Dwight Macdonald discuss their involvement in the CIA's cultural battle in the 1950s. They explore topics such as the CIA's cinematic version of 1984, creating "books that don't smack of propaganda," and the experiences of African-American artists in France.
The clash between Richard Wright and James Baldwin was about freedom and their involvement with organizations supported by the CIA.
Dwight McDonald and Kenneth Tynan had differing views on propaganda in art, but both played significant roles in the cultural Cold War.
Richard Wright's engagement with reality and fight against racism included his involvement with organizations like the Congress for Cultural Freedom and receiving support from the CIA.
Deep dives
The Clash over Freedom
The clash between Richard Wright and James Baldwin was not just about aesthetics, but about freedom. As Baldwin published "Notes of a Native Son" in 1956, Soul Stein, executive director of the American Congress for Cultural Freedom, played a role in its publication. Wright was a target of attacks and struggles, facing racial struggles as well as a fight against communism. He was seen as an influential voice and received a CIA grant in 1956.
The Battle over Mass Culture
Dwight McDonald and Kenneth Tynan played significant roles in the 1950s cultural Cold War. McDonald, a critic, dealt with mass culture, arguing that all art is protest. Tynan, a theater critic, championed politically engaged art and supported Brecht's themes. They had differing views on propaganda and its role in art. The cultural Cold War involved covert propaganda, psychological warfare, and efforts to shape perceptions through art.
Engaging with Reality and Avoiding Propaganda
Richard Wright's engagement with reality and fight against racism included reporting on significant events like the Bandung Conference and Ghana's independence. However, he was involved with organizations like the Congress for Cultural Freedom and received support from the CIA. While he confronted tensions with James Baldwin, who viewed Wright's work as propaganda, Wright wrote to advocate for freedom for black people.
Soul Stein's Involvement
Soul Stein, executive director of the American Congress for Cultural Freedom, played a crucial role in supporting James Baldwin's work, including commissioning him to write 'Letter to a Younger Brother' about Africa. Stein's involvement had connections with CIA funds and the Rockefeller Foundation. Baldwin's clash with Richard Wright was not only an aesthetic disagreement but had implications for freedom and influence.
Exploring Cultural Cold War
This podcast episode delves into the cultural Cold War of the 1950s and the impact it had on writers and artists. It highlights the clash between Richard Wright and James Baldwin, their involvement with the Congress for Cultural Freedom and CIA funds, the battle over mass culture between Dwight McDonald and Kenneth Tynan, Richard Wright's fight for freedom, and the role of Soul Stein in supporting Baldwin's work. The episode reveals the complex intertwining of art, propaganda, and political agendas during the Cold War.
In the 1950s the CIA weaponized culture to capture hearts and minds in Europe and Africa. We meet three writers (Richard Wright, Kenneth Tynan, and Dwight Macdonald) who got caught up in this battle both as collaborators and targets between the years of 1956 - 1960. We also meet a propagandist responsible for the CIA’s cinematic version of 1984 (Operation Big Brother) and “books that don’t smack of propaganda” aimed at European Intellectuals - including James Baldwin’s Notes of a Native Son.
Support ToE and get access to the incredible exclusive bonus companion series to Not All Propaganda is Art by subscribing at https://theoryofeverything.supercast.com/, or subscribe directly in Apple Podcasts by hitting “Subscribe” right on the show page.
Get the Snipd podcast app
Unlock the knowledge in podcasts with the podcast player of the future.
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode
Save any moment
Hear something you like? Tap your headphones to save it with AI-generated key takeaways
Share & Export
Send highlights to Twitter, WhatsApp or export them to Notion, Readwise & more
AI-powered podcast player
Listen to all your favourite podcasts with AI-powered features
Discover highlights
Listen to the best highlights from the podcasts you love and dive into the full episode