The Philosophy of Inaction with Grant Dowling

Set in New York City in 2000 and 2001, the novel follows an unnamed protagonist who, despite her privileged life as a young, beautiful, and wealthy Columbia graduate, feels deeply disconnected and depressed. She embarks on a year-long quest to 'reset' her life by extensively using sleeping pills prescribed by a lax psychiatrist. The narrative delves into her past, including childhood traumas, her job at an art gallery, and her complex relationships, particularly with her best friend Reva. The book explores themes of mental health, alienation, and the search for meaning in a world that seems devoid of it. The story culminates with the protagonist's awakening just before the 9/11 attacks, which serves as a jarring wake-up call to her new reality.

In this collection of essays, Bertrand Russell critiques the societal emphasis on hard work and argues that the belief in the virtue of labor causes significant harm. He proposes that if labor were shared equitably, resulting in shorter workdays, it would lead to decreased unemployment and increased human happiness through increased leisure time. Russell advocates for a four-hour workday, suggesting that this would be sufficient to maintain a comfortable standard of living, allowing more time for leisure and cultural activities. The book also touches on themes such as pacifism, politics, and the critique of authoritarian regimes and the cult of efficiency.

The Nicomachean Ethics is Aristotle's most renowned work on ethics, focusing on the science of the good for human life. The text is divided into ten books and discusses the concept of eudaimonia, often translated as 'happiness' or 'flourishing,' which is achieved through living a virtuous life. Aristotle argues that eudaimonia is an activity of the soul in accordance with virtue, emphasizing the importance of reason, moral virtues, and the pursuit of excellence. The work also explores the division of the soul, the role of rationality in human life, and the ultimate goal of human activity, which is to achieve happiness through virtuous actions and a complete life.

Published in 1859, 'Oblomov' is a critical realist novel that portrays the life of Ilya Ilyich Oblomov, a member of Russia's nineteenth-century landed gentry. Oblomov is characterized by his extreme laziness and inability to make important decisions or undertake significant actions. The novel contrasts Oblomov's inertia with the proactive and modern character of Stoltz, reflecting the societal changes and criticisms of the Russian aristocracy during that era. The book is known for its detailed psychological portraits and its influence on Russian literature, introducing the concept of 'Oblomovism' to describe the physical and mental sluggishness of Russia's backward country gentry.

Published in 1637, 'Discourse on the Method' is a seminal work by René Descartes that outlines his philosophical and scientific method. The book is divided into six parts and addresses various topics including skepticism, the existence of God and the human soul, and the distinction between the mind and body. Descartes introduces his famous statement 'I think, therefore I am' and lays the groundwork for modern Western philosophy and the scientific method. The work also discusses his approach to morality and the investigation of natural phenomena, influencing disciplines from philosophy to psychology and cognitive science.

Published in 1942, 'The Stranger' tells the story of Meursault, a Frenchman living in Algiers, who is characterized by his emotional detachment and apathy. The novel begins with Meursault's indifferent reaction to his mother's death and follows his journey through a series of events, including a senseless murder, which leads to his trial and sentencing. Camus uses Meursault's story to illustrate his philosophy of the absurd, highlighting the lack of inherent meaning in life and the importance of accepting and living with this reality. The novel also explores the tensions between French colonialists and native Algerians, reflecting Camus's own experiences and critiques of colonialism.

Plato's Republic is one of his most famous works, a philosophical dialogue exploring justice, ideal societies, and the nature of reality. It features the allegory of the cave, a powerful metaphor for the limitations of human perception and the pursuit of knowledge. The dialogue delves into various forms of government, analyzing their strengths and weaknesses, ultimately advocating for a philosopher-king to rule the ideal state. The Republic also examines the tripartite soul, proposing that reason, spirit, and appetite must be harmonized for individual and societal well-being. Its enduring influence on political philosophy and ethics makes it a cornerstone of Western thought.