Jaffer Umerov, a BBC journalist from Crimea, discusses the impact of Russification on Crimean Tatar identity. Jen Monaghan analyzes the Kremlin’s narratives and media strategies in Ukraine. Vitaly Shevchenko gives first-hand insights into life in occupied regions like Kherson and Zaporizhia. The trio dives into the complexities of identity erasure, personal experiences under occupation, and the fight against oppressive propaganda. They highlight resilience amid crisis and the growing humanitarian issues faced by locals.
Russia's systematic efforts to erase Ukrainian identity through education and propaganda have deeply impacted the cultural landscape of occupied territories.
Despite severe oppression and fear, forms of underground resistance persist, reflecting the determination of residents to maintain their Ukrainian identity.
Deep dives
The Historical Context of Crimea's Identity
The annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014 marked a significant turning point, with many residents historically identifying as Ukrainian despite the region's complex ethnic makeup. Before its annexation, Crimea was part of Ukraine, having been transferred from Russia in 1954 when both were under the Soviet Union. The lack of a strong military response by Ukraine during the annexation highlighted the existing political instability within the country, allowing Russia to assert its claim freely. The imposition of Russian identity post-annexation has been significantly driven by military presence and propaganda, forcing a shift away from Ukrainian culture and heritage in the region.
Methods of Russification in Occupied Areas
Following the annexation and throughout the conflict, Russia has systematically worked to erase Ukrainian identity in occupied territories through various means such as education and media manipulation. The new education system enforces a Russian curriculum, making access to Ukrainian language and culture virtually non-existent. Additionally, the use of propaganda in Russian state media promotes a narrative of prosperity and happiness under Russian rule, contrasting sharply with the realities faced by local populations. This strategy not only aims to weaken Ukrainian cultural ties but also to present a facade of stability, even amidst significant trauma and disintegration of societal structures.
The Impact of Conflict on Local Populations
The ongoing conflict has led to severe humanitarian crises, with large numbers of citizens displaced and living under oppressive conditions in occupied regions. As people flee the war zones, many face difficult choices about whether to stay under occupation or seek refuge elsewhere, often at substantial personal cost. Reports indicate that those remaining contend with a climate of fear where speaking out against the Russian regime can lead to brutal consequences. This pervasive fear has stifled local voices and perpetuated a cycle of misinformation that obscures the realities of life under Russian control.
Resistance and the Future of Occupied Territories
Despite the oppressive atmosphere, forms of resistance persist in occupied territories, showcasing the indomitable spirit of those who seek to maintain their Ukrainian identity. Resistance tactics range from underground education initiatives to non-violent protests, reflecting a determination to keep Ukrainian culture alive. However, the prospect of reclaiming these territories remains complicated by Russia's intent to solidify its claims through administrative changes and strategic population shifts. The struggle to balance survival under occupation with the desire for independence continues to shape the lives of residents, as larger geopolitical maneuvering complicates the pathway to peace and stability.
Russia’s land grab playbook aimed at erasing local identity and russifying “liberated” territories. Three years into the full scale invasion of Ukraine, we ask what life is like in areas under Russian control. We look at “ripe for russification” Crimea, which was annexed 11 years ago, Moscow’s subsequent efforts to assert itself in the separatist East, and the Kremlin’s challenges in subjugating parts of the Kherson and Zaporizhzhia regions. As time passes, the uncertainty over the future of what Ukraine calls “temporarily occupied territories” grows bigger.
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