7: An Olive Branch Rejected, Tom's a Royal Pain(e), & the Siege of Boston
Dec 4, 2017
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Join Thomas Paine, a key revolutionary thinker, and Aaron Burr, a military officer, as they dive into the explosive tensions leading up to the American Revolution. Paine critiques King George III in his viral pamphlet, Common Sense, while Burr witnesses the tragic death of General Montgomery in Quebec. They reflect on the brutal Battle of Bunker Hill, where the cost of conflict becomes painfully clear. Together, they explore the futile Olive Branch Petition and the growing divide among the colonies, setting the stage for inevitable rebellion.
The Battle of Bunker Hill illustrated the resilience of the Patriots despite their organizational disadvantage, significantly impacting British morale through heavy losses.
The publication of Thomas Paine's Common Sense challenged traditional monarchy views and galvanized colonial sentiment towards advocating for complete independence from Britain.
George Washington's crucial leadership under challenging conditions led to a transformation of the Continental Army, fostering discipline and confidence among the troops.
Deep dives
The Battle of Bunker Hill: A Pyrrhic Victory
The Battle of Bunker Hill, often remembered for its high casualties, was a crucial early engagement in the American Revolutionary War. Although the British secured a strategic victory, they faced devastating losses, suffering over 1,000 casualties out of 2,500 troops, including many officers. This battle underscored the determination and resilience of the Patriots, whose less organized forces managed to inflict severe damage on the better-trained British troops. The high cost of British victory led General Thomas Gage to acknowledge that their losses were heavier than they could bear, indicating the profound impact on British morale.
Patriot Commanders and Their Strategies
Patriot commanders like Colonel William Prescott and General Israel Putnam played critical roles in the defense of their positions during the battle. Prescott famously advised his men to wait until the enemy was within close range before firing, embodying the strategy of conserving ammunition and maximizing impact. Despite facing heavy artillery from the British Navy, Prescott inspired his men by bravely exposing himself while coordinating their efforts on the fortifications. The fierce resistance shown by these leaders and their troops reflected a deepening commitment to the cause of independence.
Colonial Attitudes Towards Independence
In the wake of early battles, including Bunker Hill, sentiments in the Continental Congress began to shift towards the possibility of full independence from British rule. Figures like John Adams argued for a more aggressive stance against British authority, while moderates like John Dickinson preferred reconciliation. The ongoing debates illustrated the growing divisions among colonists about how to respond to the British government, indicating a gradual evolution in the mindset regarding their rights and autonomy. This rising tension foreshadowed the eventual break towards independence that would unfold in the near future.
The Role of Thomas Paine and Common Sense
The publication of Thomas Paine's pamphlet, Common Sense, in January 1776 marked a significant turning point in colonial attitudes toward independence. Paine's compelling arguments, framed in accessible language, resonated with ordinary colonists and fueled a desire for complete separation from Britain. He criticized monarchy and hereditary succession, appealing to the common understanding of governance in the colonies. The pamphlet quickly gained traction, selling over 150,000 copies and influencing leaders like George Washington to reconsider the necessity of fighting for independence rather than just improved relations.
George Washington's Command and Early Army Struggles
George Washington faced immense challenges as he took command of a poorly trained and undisciplined Continental Army. Despite rallying the troops and working to instill discipline, Washington struggled with low enlistment numbers and resource shortages. His leadership skills began to shine as he nurtured respect from his soldiers through shared hardships and a focus on training. Washington's ability to inspire confidence and drive transformation within his army was crucial as they prepared for the larger conflicts ahead.
“Remember it is the fifth of March, and avenge the death of your brethren!”
This is the story of the expiration of hope for reconciliation between the American colonies and the "Mother Country." Bunker Hill's a blood bath. Congress sends King George III their "Olive Branch Petition;" it's D.O.A. Things only devolve further as Thomas Paine rips the King a new one in his #colonialviral pamphlet, Common Sense.
Meanwhile, Captain Aaron Burr witnesses the death of General Montgomery in Quebec and Henry Knox moves cannons over 300 miles to General Washington in Cambridge. The Virginian digs his new toys. Time to move on Boston.