146. James C. Scott's Two Cheers for Anarchism -- Luke Kemp
Feb 26, 2025
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Luke Kemp, a research affiliate at the University of Cambridge and author of "Goliath's Curse," joins the discussion to explore James C. Scott's insightful essays on anarchism. They dive into the joy and controversies of Scott's perspectives, encouraging those curious about anarchism to engage. The conversation highlights the power of everyday dissent, the critique of traditional historical narratives glorifying the elite, and the significance of small acts of disobedience. Kemp also teases his upcoming book on societal collapse, enriching the dialogue.
James C. Scott advocates for an 'anarchist squint' that encourages examining power dynamics through the experiences of marginalized individuals rather than elite narratives.
Scott proposes that, under democratic constraints, state structures can play a necessary role in protecting freedoms and equity, challenging traditional anarchist views.
The concept of 'weapons of the week' highlights the significance of small acts of resistance in fostering autonomy and challenging oppressive authority.
Deep dives
Understanding Anarchism Through Historical Perspectives
The discussion highlights James C. Scott's contributions to understanding anarchism through historical analysis, particularly in his works such as 'Against the Grain' and 'Seeing Like a State.' Scott emphasizes a shift in perspective from a historical narrative dominated by the elite to one that considers the experiences and perspectives of the marginalized. This '1% view of history' often omits the realities faced by the majority, with historical documentation favoring those in power while neglecting the everyday lives of regular individuals. By challenging traditional historical accounts, Scott invites a more inclusive examination of societal structures and emphasizes the importance of viewing history through the lens of the oppressed.
The Anarchist Squint: A New Lens for Understanding Society
Scott introduces the concept of the 'anarchist squint,' framing anarchism not just as a political philosophy but as a perspective for analyzing power dynamics in society. This viewpoint focuses on the relationships of power and the implications they have for everyday people rather than adhering to rigid ideological frameworks. In contrast to traditional views that promote hierarchy, the anarchist squint allows individuals to see complexity and agency within social structures. The practical application of this perspective can lead to a more equitable understanding of how societies operate and the potential for grassroots movements.
Questioning the Role of the State
Scott posits that while state structures are often viewed with skepticism in anarchist thought, they may have necessary roles in modern society if democratically constrained. He argues that states can facilitate protection of freedoms and equity, despite their historical failures and oppressive tendencies. This nuanced view challenges the binary thinking prevalent in anarchist ideology, which often outright rejects any form of central authority. By recognizing the necessity of state mechanisms under certain conditions, Scott prompts a reevaluation of how anarchism can coexist with elements of governance.
Everyday Acts of Resistance
The podcast discusses Scott's concept of 'weapons of the week,' which includes subtle, everyday acts of resistance that individuals can engage in against authority. These acts, such as jaywalking and quiet quitting, serve as vital methods for asserting autonomy and challenging oppressive systems without direct confrontation. Scott highlights the importance of building the muscle for disobedience through small, non-heroic acts, asserting that these behaviors are pivotal for societal change. By recognizing the power of everyday defiance, he encourages individuals to take ownership of their autonomy and confront authority in manageable ways.
The Role of the Petty Bourgeoisie
Scott defends the idea of a society inhabited by petty bourgeoisie—small business owners—as a preferable structure compared to other economic systems, such as feudalism or large-scale capitalism. He argues that small-scale ownership allows individuals more control over their lives and work, fostering a sense of agency and community. This perspective stands in stark contrast to Marxist views that dismiss petty bourgeoisie as oppressors, illustrating that such small-scale ownership can actually contribute to a more humane and equitable society. By challenging conventional narratives about class dynamics, Scott suggests that these societal structures could cultivate grassroots approaches to governance and community participation.
Luke Kemp returns to the show to discuss Two Cheers for Anarchism, James C. Scott's six essays or "fragments" applying an anarchist squint to the world. Luke and I discuss the joy of Scott's book, it's controversial place in anarchist theory, and why it's a good place for the anarcho-curious to start their journey into anarchism.
