
Matters of Life and Death What makes the church vulnerable to abusers?
Jan 21, 2026
Elly Hanson, a clinical psychologist who advised the John Smyth review, explains how evangelical culture can enable abuse. She outlines how hierarchies, patriarchy, loyalty and grooming create vulnerability. Short, sharp takes on boarding-school pipelines, spiritual manipulation, and whether conservative communities can reform without losing convictions.
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Abuse Is Individual And Cultural
- Elly Hanson framed Smythe's abuse through psychology plus community culture, not just individual pathology.
- She links his narcissism, grooming tactics, and evangelical structures to how harm escalated.
How Leadership Cultures Protect Abusers
- Rigid hierarchies and leader-as-gift thinking shield dissent and concentrate power.
- That status made leaders' behaviour less subject to challenge and enabled grooming.
Targeting Elite Boys As Strategic Assets
- Smythe targeted boys who ticked elite, athletic, male boxes and treated them as means to an end.
- Hanson describes this as objectifying boys as tools for advancing the movement.

