Logotherapy: A Way of Life to Meaning

In 'The Doctor and the Soul', Viktor E. Frankl explores the foundations of logotherapy, a psychotherapeutic approach he founded. The book discusses how humans inherently seek meaning in their lives, rather than being driven by sexual or societal needs as proposed by other psychological theories. Frankl wrote the manuscript initially during the Nazi occupation of Austria and reconstructed it from memory while in concentration camps. The book is divided into sections that cover the transition from psychotherapy to logotherapy, existential analysis, and the rehumanization of psychotherapy. It also addresses the existential void in modern materialistic society and the importance of moral values and religion.

The book is divided into two parts. The first part recounts Frankl's harrowing experiences as a prisoner in Nazi concentration camps, including Auschwitz, between 1942 and 1945. He describes the inhumane conditions and the psychological and emotional struggles of the prisoners. The second part introduces Frankl's theory of logotherapy, which posits that the primary human drive is the search for meaning, rather than pleasure. Frankl argues that meaning can be found through three main avenues: work (doing something significant), love (caring for another), and suffering (finding meaning in one's own suffering). The book emphasizes the importance of finding purpose and meaning in life, even in the most adverse conditions, as a key factor in survival and personal growth.