John Bartlett, an expert on historical dictatorships, joins Mark Ensalaco, a scholar of Latin American political history, and Peter Kornbluh, a historian specializing in U.S.-Latin American relations. They delve into the chilling events of September 11, 1973, as Pinochet's coup unfolds. The discussion reveals the harrowing experiences of students at Santiago's Technical University and the brutalities faced by detainees, including the tragic fate of Victor Jara. They expose the terrifying 'Caravan of Death,' illustrating the regime's systematic persecution of dissenters.
The coup led by Pinochet on September 11, 1973, marked a dramatic shift in Chilean governance, resulting in extensive military control and repression.
Following Allende's death, the Pinochet regime launched brutal campaigns, including the 'Caravan of Death', targeting political dissidents and instilling fear across the nation.
Deep dives
The Prelude to a Coup
In September 1973, Chile experienced rising tensions as civil unrest and dissatisfaction with President Salvador Allende's government reached a boiling point. General Augusto Pinochet, in a position of military power, feigned loyalty to Allende while secretly preparing for a coup. The economic distress, partly fueled by U.S. intervention, led many Chileans to believe that only the military could restore order. As rumors of a coup circulated, the stage was set for a violent takeover that would ultimately change the course of Chile's history.
The Execution of the Coup
On September 11, 1973, a meticulously coordinated coup unfolded, initiated by Pinochet and other military leaders who had conspired against Allende. The Chilean Navy secured key locations, while military units moved into Santiago to encircle the presidential palace. President Allende's attempts to rally support and communicate with military leaders were thwarted by cut communications and the defection of key allies. Faced with overwhelming military force, Allende chose to resist rather than flee, leading to a violent confrontation in which he ultimately took his own life.
The Aftermath and Reign of Terror
Following Allende's death, Pinochet's regime swiftly moved to eliminate his supporters, ushering in a climate of fear and repression across Chile. Allende's loyalists and perceived political enemies were rounded up, imprisoned, and subjected to brutal torture and executions, often without due process. The regime's tactics, including the infamous 'Caravan of Death', targeted anyone deemed a threat, instilling terror throughout the population. With thousands detained and countless lives lost, the new military dictatorship established an iron grip over the country, solidifying Pinochet's rule for the next 17 years.
September 11th, 1973. The touchpaper is lit. President Allende realises he’s been double-crossed. Pinochet keeps his cards close to his chest. A loyal naval admiral finds his cars sabotaged and his phone lines cut. And as Allende and his bodyguards prepare to defend the palace, the first soldiers take to the streets of Santiago…
A Noiser production, written by Sean Coleman.
Many thanks to John Bartlett, Mark Ensalaco, Peter Kornbluh.
This is Part 2 of 3.
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