Christopher Phelps and Robin Vandome, "Marxism and America: New Appraisals" (Manchester UP, 2021)
Jan 7, 2025
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Guest Christopher Phelps, an American history professor, and Robin Vandome, a lecturer in cultural history, explore the allure of Marxism in a typically hostile U.S. context. They discuss how Marxist thought intersects with pressing social issues like gender and race. Mara Keire reveals insights from her chapter on the feminist sex wars of the 1980s, linking past tensions to modern debates. Andrew Hartman adds depth by analyzing Marx's influence on American liberalism from the New Deal to the Cold War. The conversation is rich with historical significance and contemporary relevance.
The podcast explores the recurrent appeal of Marxism in America, particularly influenced by rising inequality and contemporary activism.
Editors emphasize the intersection of Marxism with issues of gender, race, and sexuality, highlighting its complex social implications.
The dialogue addresses the tension between reformist and revolutionary Marxist approaches, showcasing historical debates on economic and social progress.
Deep dives
The Emergence of American Marxism
The podcast discusses how the relationship between Marxism and American socio-political movements has evolved, particularly in light of the Occupy Wall Street protests and the subsequent rise of socialist political figures like Bernie Sanders and Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez. During this period, class consciousness gained traction in the United States, leading to a resurgence of leftist ideologies within the Democratic Party. The conversation underscores the nature of Marxist thought's interaction with contemporary movements, emphasizing that income inequality and wealth redistribution are critical social issues that have revitalized socialist discourse. Additionally, it highlights how opposing phenomena, such as the Tea Party and Trumpism, have reacted against these leftist movements by invoking Marxist tropes in their rhetoric.
Issues of Gender, Race, and Identity in Marxism
A significant point made in the dialogue is the exploration of how Marxism traditionally addresses class struggle while also intersecting with issues related to gender, race, and sexuality. The editors share their commitment to including diverse perspectives that reflect the complexity of these social dimensions, moving beyond classic Marxism's potential reductionism. They argue that understanding the relationship between class structures and other forms of identification is vital to illustrating the multifaceted impact of Marxist thought in the U.S. This broad approach helps reveal how Marxist analysis resonates across various social struggles, enriching the discourse around identity and contemporary politics.
The Tension Between Reform and Revolution
The podcast addresses an ongoing tension within Marxist discourse concerning the balance between reformist approaches and revolutionary change. This dichotomy is evident through various contributions in the edited collection, illustrating how different factions within Marxism perceive economic and social progress. The editors reflect on the distinctions between those advocating for radical transformation versus those pursuing incremental reforms, emphasizing how historical context shapes these debates. By examining movements like the Weather Underground and their revolutionary aspirations, the conversation reveals the complexities involved in navigating the practicalities of political action today.
The Evolution of Marxism in American Educational and Cultural Contexts
The discussion delves into how Marxism has historically been received and utilized in American educational and cultural frameworks. The editors highlight how figures like W.E.B. Du Bois and CLR James have challenged prevailing narratives, advocating for a nuanced understanding of class and identity at a time when mainstream American liberalism often overlooked these intersections. Their contributions underscore the significant role that Marxisms have played in understanding historical and contemporary socio-political dynamics, particularly in light of movements for racial equality and labor rights. Ultimately, this reflection highlights the importance of integrating Marxist thought into broader conversations about activism and social justice.
Marxism's Resilience and Contemporary Relevance
The podcast concludes by assessing the resilience of Marxism as a framework for understanding contemporary social movements, particularly in light of events like the Black Lives Matter movement. The editors note that while Marxism may be inaccurately portrayed as a single, monolithic ideology, it remains a source of inspiration and analytical power for diverse groups advocating for change. They assert that understanding Marxism’s historical context can illuminate its ongoing influence in current debates surrounding capitalism, race, and class struggle. This resurgence indicates that, despite periods of repression, Marxist thought continues to adapt and find relevance within American discourse.
If the United States has been so hostile to Marxism, what accounts for Marxism's recurrent attractiveness to certain Americans? Marxism and America: New Appraisals (Manchester University Press, 2021)sheds new light on that question in essays engaging sexuality, gender, race, nationalism, class, memory, and much more, from the Civil War era through to 21st century cultures of activism. This book is an invaluable resource for historians and theorists of US political struggle.
We discussed the impetus behind the book and its broader scholarly context, before turning to Mara's chapter ("Class, commodity, consumption: theorizing sexual violence during the feminist sex wars of the 1980s") and finally Andrew's chapter ("Rethinking Karl Marx: American liberalism from the New Deal to the Cold War"). We hope you enjoy our conversation as much as we enjoyed recording it!
Catriona Gold is a PhD candidate in Geography at University College London, researching security, subjectivity and mobility in the 20-21st century United States. Her current work concerns the US Passport Office; she has previously published on US Africa Command and the 2013-16 Ebola epidemic. She can be reached by email or on Twitter.