Explore the anatomy, pathophysiology, and management of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD) along with insights from the Panther IPF trial in managing idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
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Quick takeaways
ILD presents with insidious dyspnea and requires comprehensive diagnostic evaluation.
Management of ILD involves tailored treatments, including corticosteroids and consideration of lung transplant.
Deep dives
Understanding Interstitial Lung Disease
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) involves a variety of pulmonary disorders affecting the distal lung parenchyma. In ILD, toxic inhalational triggers initiate an inflammatory process leading to collagen deposition, fibrosis, and reduced lung function. This results in symptoms like insidious dyspnea, delayed diagnosis, non -productive cough, and potential complications like pneumothoraces and secondary infections.
Diagnosing and Evaluating ILD
ILD diagnosis involves assessing stability, categorizing into ILD subtypes, considering symptoms like exertional dyspnea, and investigating through comprehensive physical exams and exposure history. Blood work, pulmonary function tests, 6 -minute walk tests, and high -resolution CT scans play crucial roles in diagnosing and evaluating ILD, along with the consideration for surgical biopsies in select cases.
Treatment Strategies for ILD
Treatment for ILD varies based on underlying causes and may include corticosteroids, steroid -sparing agents, and non -pharmacologic interventions like smoking cessation and pulmonary rehabilitation. Lung transplant is considered curative in severe cases, with early palliative care for non -transplant candidates. New treatment approaches have been shaped by studies like the Panther IPF trial, influencing management decisions for specific ILDs.
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Understanding Interstitial Lung Disease: Anatomy, Pathophysiology, Assessment, and Management
In this episode, we review the pathophysiology, clinical presentation and diagnostic approach to ILD - a heterogenous group of lung disorders characterized by diffuse parenchymal lung disease. We will talk briefly about management and treatment, as well as the PANTHER-IPF trial that shaped the treatment of IPF - a subtype of ILD.
Written by: Dr. Jung-In Choi (Internal Medicine Resident) Reviewed by: Dr. Janice Leung (Respirology) and Dr. Laura Kuyper (General Internist) Sound Editing by: Dr. Nafis Hossain (Internal Medicine Resident) Infographic by: Dr. Shannon Gui (Internal Medicine Resident)