#409 Hormonal and Nonhormonal Therapy for Vasomotor Symptoms of Menopause
Sep 25, 2023
auto_awesome
Dr. Monica Christmas from University of Chicago Medicine joins to discuss hormonal and nonhormonal therapy for vasomotor symptoms of menopause. They cover nonpharmacologic management of symptoms, taking a history for menopausal symptoms, hormone therapy risk assessment and prescribing, troubleshooting hormone therapy, premature menopause, and discontinuation of hormone therapy.
Individualize treatment decisions for menopausal symptoms by assessing the impact on quality of life and considering risk factors.
Consider low-dose vaginal estrogen therapy or non-hormonal options for the management of vaginal symptoms of menopause.
Prescribe systemic hormone therapy based on patient preferences, efficacy, and potential side effects, considering different options for estrogen and progesterone delivery.
Deep dives
Assessing Symptoms and Risk Factors
When evaluating menopausal symptoms, it is important to listen to the patient and understand the impact of their symptoms on their quality of life. Severity of symptoms can vary, so it is crucial to individualize treatment decisions. Risk factors such as history of venous thromboembolism and estrogen-derived cancers should be evaluated to determine the appropriateness of hormone therapy.
Options for Non-Hormonal and Vaginal Estrogen Therapy
For patients experiencing vaginal symptoms of menopause, such as dryness or urinary symptoms, low-dose vaginal estrogen therapy is an effective option. This can be administered through pills, inserts, creams, or vaginal rings. Non-hormonal options like lifestyle changes, cognitive behavioral therapy, and hypnosis can also be considered to alleviate symptoms.
Systemic Hormone Therapy Choices
Systemic hormone therapy is recommended for patients with moderate to severe hot flashes and night sweats. Combination therapy typically includes estrogen and progesterone to protect the endometrium. Different options for estrogen delivery include pills, gels, patches, or vaginal rings. Progesterone can be administered through intrauterine devices or oral pills. Treatment choices should be based on patient preferences, efficacy, and potential side effects.
Considerations for Prescribing and Dosing
When prescribing hormonal therapy, factors such as insurance coverage and patient preferences should be considered. Various types of estrogen, including conjugated and estradiol, are available, as well as bioidentical options. Starting with medium doses and adjusting as needed is a common approach. Transdermal options, such as patches or creams, may have a lower risk of blood clots compared to oral administration. Treatment decisions should prioritize individual patient needs and safety.
Different hormone therapy options and considerations
When considering hormone therapy for menopause, it's important to take into account individual factors such as skin sensitivity, adhesive concerns, and lifestyle. Transdermal options like gels or patches are suitable for those who are not comfortable with patches or have concerns about adhesive. The dose of estrogen also varies depending on if a woman has a uterus or not. For those without a uterus, a higher dose of estrogen may be needed, while those with a uterus may not require the highest dose. The choice of therapy also depends on patient preferences and willingness to take pills, use a ring, or choose an IUD.
Duration of hormone therapy and considerations
The duration of hormone therapy is individualized, and there is no set timeline for stopping or continuing treatment. The previous guideline of five years of hormone therapy has been revisited, and decisions are now made based on a risk-benefit analysis for each patient. Typically, hormone therapy is continued until the age of 60 or until 10 years after the onset of menopause, balancing the potential risks and benefits. Regular evaluation and discussion with the patient are essential, documenting the risks and patient understanding. Patients should be aware that hormone therapy is not a lifelong treatment and that discontinuation may be considered based on individual circumstances and health concerns.
Master hormonal and nonhormonal therapies for menopausal symptoms including vasomotor symptoms (VMS). We’re joined by Dr. Monica Christmas, @drmonicaxmas (UChicago Medicine).