ICU Primary PrepCast # Epi 66- ICU Primary Snippet 9 - Classification of Anti-psychotics and Haloperidol pharmacology
Mar 3, 2023
Explore the classification of anti-psychotic medications and deep dive into the pharmacology of Haloperidol, including its mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, interactions, and dosing.
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Antipsychotic Classifications
- Antipsychotics are classified into several groups, including phenothiazines, butyrophenones, thioxanthenes, and atypical antipsychotics.
- Each class has distinct examples like chlorpromazine, haloperidol, flupentixol, and clozapine, respectively.
Haloperidol Forms
- Haloperidol, a butyrophenone, is available as injections (lactate and decanoate), tablets, and oral solutions.
- The lactate form (5 mg/ml) is frequently used in the ICU, while decanoate is for long-acting injections.
Haloperidol's Mechanism
- Haloperidol primarily blocks D2 receptors, affecting the limbic system and cortical areas, leading to antipsychotic effects.
- It also impacts alpha-1 and serotonin (5-HT2) receptors, especially at higher doses, influencing both positive and negative schizophrenia symptoms.