Jacobin Radio: Imperialism Today w/ Robert Brenner
Oct 16, 2024
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Robert Brenner, a leading expert on imperialism, dives into the historical evolution and contemporary implications of this complex phenomenon. Ilya Matveev analyzes Russian actions through the lenses of Lenin and Mearsheimer, shedding light on the nature of imperialism from various theoretical perspectives. Hanna Perekhoda, a scholar of Russian history, offers insights into Putin's ideology regarding Ukraine, emphasizing historical narratives of sovereignty and division. The conversation highlights the ideological struggles behind modern geopolitics and the pressing need for solidarity amid global crises.
Boris Kagarlitsky's book underscores the urgent need for leftist movements to adapt their strategies amidst rising global crises and authoritarianism.
The panel discussion emphasized that understanding modern imperialism requires considering historical contexts alongside contemporary geopolitical realities, particularly Russian actions in Ukraine.
Analyzing the interplay between fossil fuel economics and political power reveals how resource exploitation fuels authoritarian regimes, impacting global conflicts significantly.
Deep dives
Challenges of the Left and Boris Kagarlitsky's Work
Boris Kagarlitsky, currently serving a sentence in a Russian penal colony, has highlighted significant challenges facing the left in his latest book, 'The Long Retreat, Strategies to Reverse the Decline of the Left.' His work emphasizes the need for a reevaluation of leftist strategies in light of the rise of the far-right and multiple global crises. During an international conference, his contributions were discussed alongside the reinforcement of anti-war activism in Russia, which stands against Putin's authoritarianism. Kagarlitsky's insights serve as a call to action for leftist movements worldwide to adapt and resist contemporary challenges.
Panel on Understanding Imperialism
A pivotal panel focused on the theory of imperialism was presented, addressing historical and contemporary implications, particularly regarding Russian imperialism in Ukraine. Robert Brenner initiated the discussion by examining the characteristics of imperialism from historical perspectives, arguing that Lenin's early 20th-century framework remains relevant. Ilya Matveyev followed this by analyzing the theoretical insights of Lenin, Schumpeter, and Mearsheimer to interpret the dynamics of Russian imperialism today, highlighting the contradictory nature of Russian identity and its geopolitical ambitions. This theoretical exploration emphasizes the necessity to understand modern imperialism through a lens that considers both historical context and current geopolitical realities.
The Nature of Russian Imperialism
The nature of Russian imperialism was critically analyzed, with speakers discussing Russia's historical attempts to reassert its dominance, particularly under the Putin administration. The convergence of nationalism and imperialism in Russian ideology was highlighted, presenting the view that Putin's government perceives Ukraine as part of an inseparable Russian nation—an ideology central to its aggressive foreign policy. The contemporary rise of Russian nationalism and its implications for regional sovereignty, especially regarding Ukraine, were underscored, presenting a complex picture of power dynamics in Eastern Europe. Understanding this ideological framework is crucial for interpreting Russia's ongoing conflicts and geopolitical aspirations.
Fossil Fuels and Political Power
The close relationship between fossil fuel extraction in Russia and the maintenance of political power was examined, revealing how profits from this sector reinforce the current authoritarian regime and its military capabilities. It was noted that the wealth generated from oil and gas industries primarily benefits a small elite, further entrenching the state's structure of corruption and dependency. This exploitation not only sustains the military-industrial complex but also reinforces Putin's ideological narrative which positions Russia as a besieged fortress against external threats. Moreover, the geopolitical implications of fossil fuels within the context of the war in Ukraine were discussed, suggesting a broader strategy of resource control by authoritarian states.
The Ideological Underpinnings of the Conflict
The ideological framework driving the conflict between Russia and Ukraine was articulated, revealing how the Kremlin's narratives shape both domestic policy and foreign aggression. The speakers discussed how the Kremlin views Ukraine as a potential threat to Russian sovereignty and a key element in its imperial ambitions, underlining that historical grievances and national identity significantly influence contemporary politics. Additionally, the implications of this worldview extend beyond Ukraine, suggesting a troubling normalization of aggression that could destabilize global geopolitical structures. Emphasizing the importance of solidarity with victims of aggression, the discussions reflect a deeper concern for the ramifications of unchecked imperialism on broader leftist movements and international relations.
On October 8, the Boris Kagarlitsky International Solidarity Campaign held an online conference on “Boris Kagarlitsky and the Challenges of the Left.” Although Kagarlitsky is serving a five-year sentence in a Russian penal colony, he has just published a book called The Long Retreat: Strategies to Reverse the Decline of the Left. The conference addressed Kagarlitsky’s wide-ranging analysis of the left’s dilemmas in the face of multiple global crises, including the rise of right-wing authoritarianism. We will bring the whole conference to Jacobin Radio with a stellar lineup of international scholars and activists.
Today we hear the panel “Imperialism(s) Today,” looking at the nature of imperialism historically and in the present. Robert Brenner begins with the theory of imperialism from before WWI through the post-war period and up to the present, essentially arguing that in the present period of American hegemony, imperialism is the weapon of weaker powers. Ilya Matveev follows by examining three theorists of imperialism—Lenin, Schumpeter, and Mearsheimer—and looks at the Russian case through the lens of their different theories. Hanna Perekhoda, originally from Donetsk in the contested Donbas region, examines Putin's view of Ukraine as a creation by Russia's enemies. According to Putin, Lenin's support of the self-determination of Ukraine divided Russia, preventing it from becoming a leading power in the world. For proponents of this view, Russian sovereignty is under threat so long as Ukraine exists.
Jacobin Radio with Suzi Weissman features conversations with leading thinkers and activists, with a focus on labor, the economy, and protest movements.
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