EP #3 | Minding the Body | Frédérique de Vignemont
Nov 20, 2023
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Frédérique de Vignemont, a CNRS senior researcher and philosophy scholar in residence at NYU Paris, dives into the intricate relationship between our bodies and experiences. She explores the significance of bodily awareness and its impact on self-consciousness. The discussion includes her insights on animal self-awareness, the interplay of pain and body perception, and the fascinating rubber hand illusion. De Vignemont also addresses how the pandemic reshaped our sense of space and emphasizes the importance of validating patient experiences in the context of bodily illness.
The podcast explores the intricate relationship between bodily sensations and environmental interactions, emphasizing the complexity of bodily awareness and emotional responses.
Frédérique de Vignemont discusses how the philosophy of mind interconnects with cognitive science, highlighting the role of philosophers in clarifying important concepts like empathy.
The notion of effective significance is examined, showing how bodily ownership impacts self-preservation instincts and influences our interactions with both our bodies and tools.
Deep dives
Complexity of Bodily Awareness
The podcast delves into the intricate relationship between our bodily sensations and how we interact with our environment. Sensations such as pain, pleasure, and temperature play crucial roles in how we perceive our bodies and act within our surroundings. The discussion highlights the necessity of disentangling these experiences to better understand one's bodily awareness. By examining our emotions and physical responses, it becomes easier to study the multifaceted nature of the body in relation to psychological and philosophical concepts.
Philosophy of Mind Explored
The conversation introduces the field of philosophy of mind, emphasizing its complexities and relevance in cognitive science. It asserts that philosophers engage in conceptual analysis to clarify terms and ideas, especially those related to emotional responses like empathy. The podcast notes that philosophers are vital in bridging gaps between disciplines, which can lead to new experimental questions and findings. This interchange fosters a more holistic understanding of how we think, perceive, and feel.
Effective Significance and Body Ownership
The notion of effective significance is presented as vital to understanding bodily ownership and self-preservation instincts. This concept posits that individuals have a heightened sense of their own bodies, linked to survival and protective behaviors. When someone feels disconnected from their body, as can happen in certain pathologies, their instinct to protect it diminishes. Such insights underscore the complex interplay between bodily awareness and the emotional frameworks that govern our actions toward ourselves.
Tools and Bodily Integration
The podcast examines how our perception of bodily ownership extends to the use of tools, illustrating the nuanced difference between tools and body parts. While tools can be integrated into our bodily schema during action, they lack the affective significance that our body possesses, such as pain sensation. This distinction raises interesting questions about how emerging technologies, such as prosthetics or augmentation devices, might be perceived and integrated. As these technologies evolve, the perceptions we have of them could influence their usability and acceptance.
Affective Perception and Evolution
The discussion shifts to the concept of affective perception, which suggests that our visual experience can be influenced by early appraisal mechanisms in the brain. This allows the brain to quickly assess whether stimuli are positive or negative, aiding in survival. The implications of this framework indicate that the evaluation of visual stimuli may happen concurrently with perception, rather than sequentially. This perspective invites further research on the relationship between emotion and cognition, as well as its impact on behavioral responses.
Our relationship with our body is extremely complex. We have a wide range of different kinds of sensations: that is, the senses, pains, pleasures, the feeling of heat, of cold and so on. We also do things with our body, we engage in athletic activities, we harm one another, we pleasure one another, we jump for joy, we frown in disbelief, we hunch over in despair… How can we disentangle this giant knot of doings and feelings that is the body? How can we study our perception of the body? What is the relationship between the body and its environment? Today's guest is the person to answer all these questions, or at least some of them.
Frédérique de Vignemont is a CNRS senior researcher in philosophy in Paris. She is the deputy director of the Institut Jean Nicod as well as a philosophy scholar in residence at NYU Paris. Her research is at the intersection of philosophy of mind and cognitive science. Her major current works focus on bodily awareness, self-consciousness, and social cognition. She has published widely in philosophy and psychology journals on the first-person, body schema, agency, empathy, and more recently on pain. Her new book, Mind the Body (Oxford University Press, 2018), provides the first comprehensive treatment of bodily awareness and of the sense of bodily ownership, combining philosophical analysis with recent experimental results from cognitive science.
Credits:
Interview: Tanay Katiyar and Jay Richardson
Artwork: Ella Bergru
Editing: Matthieu Fraticelli
Music: Thelma Samuel and Robin Baradel
Communication: Tanay Katiyar
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