Aaron Reeves and Sam Friedman, "Born to Rule: The Making and Remaking of the British Elite" (Harvard UP, 2024)
Sep 25, 2024
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Aaron Reeves and Sam Friedman, both Professors of Sociology at the London School of Economics, delve into the intricacies of the British elite in their latest work. They discuss how historical legacies and current dynamics uphold social class disparities. The role of gender in educational access within elite institutions reveals stark contrasts in opportunities. A fascinating analysis of wealth, identity, and the phenomenon of 'deflecting privilege' offers insights into how modern elites maintain their status. The conversation advocates for reforms to increase diversity within these powerful spheres.
The podcast highlights how contemporary British elites, predominantly affluent middle-aged white men, craft a relatable public persona despite their privileged origins.
It underscores the complexities of gender dynamics within elite structures, revealing that women face greater barriers to elite status despite similar socioeconomic advantages.
Deep dives
Inspiration Behind Studying British Elites
The motivation for writing about British elites arose from conversations between the authors, inspired by their initial meeting at a workshop. They noticed a growing disconnect between individuals in power and broader society, prompting them to explore the backgrounds and influence of elites. Their interest lay in understanding the origins of these influential figures and the societal impacts of their decisions. This inquiry reflects a desire to analyze how elite groups maintain their power while becoming increasingly separated from the general populace.
Research Methods for Analyzing Elites
The authors employed a combination of methods to create a comprehensive analysis of the British elite, beginning with a longitudinal data set sourced from 'Who's Who,' a publication listing influential individuals since 1897. They augmented this data with publicly available information, including genealogical records and interviews with members of the elite, to paint a nuanced picture of their backgrounds and attitudes. Archival research also unearthed historical interviews, creating a layered understanding of how elite identity has evolved. This multi-faceted approach provided both quantitative and qualitative insights into the elite's demographics, influence, and self-perception.
Demographics and Self-Perception of Elites
Contemporary British elites predominantly consist of affluent, middle-aged white men, many of whom attended prestigious private schools and elite universities like Oxford and Cambridge. Despite their wealth and influence, these individuals often strive to present themselves as relatable and ordinary, actively deflecting from their privileged backgrounds to cultivate an image of accessibility. The narrative of ordinariness serves as a social strategy that attempts to bridge the gap between their elite status and public perception. By emphasizing modest ancestry over elite credentials, they attempt to resonate with the broader population, even as they remain entrenched in privilege.
Economic Influence and Gender Dynamics within Elites
Wealth plays a critical role in reinforcing elite status, with many members possessing intergenerational wealth that facilitates access to elite institutions. However, there are notable differences between male and female elites regarding their connections to elite education, with women often facing greater barriers despite similar socioeconomic backgrounds. High-end girls' schools historically aimed to balance academic rigor with traditional femininity, which impacts the elite pathways available to women today. This imbalance highlights the complexity of gender dynamics within elite structures, suggesting that while progress is being made, significant disparities remain.
Who runs Britain? In Born to Rule: The Making and Remaking of the British Elite(Harvard UP, 2024), Aaron Reeves, and Sam Friedman, both Professors of Sociology at the London School of Economics, tell the story of the UK’s ruling class. The book blends a huge range of qualitative and quantitative data, and uses innovative sociological methods, to offer a historically informed understanding of how those at the top of society preserve their status and privileges. Examining inequalities of race and gender, as well as social class, alongside the enduring impact of Britain’s imperial past, Born to Rule is essential reading for anyone interested in Britain’s past, present and future.