Andrew Cline, President of the Josiah Bartlett Center for Public Policy, dives into the complex world of zoning reform in New Hampshire. He explores how outdated regulations inhibit small-town growth and protect historic architecture, yet stifle new development. The conversation addresses misconceptions about housing opportunities for newcomers and highlights a campaign aimed at shifting public opinion around restrictive zoning laws. Cline advocates for a balance that fosters community renewal while embracing modern needs.
New Hampshire's restrictive zoning regulations have drastically reduced housing development, exacerbating the housing crisis and limiting options for potential residents.
Increased public support for zoning reform, following targeted outreach efforts, highlights the potential for local governments to adapt regulations for community benefit.
Deep dives
Impact of Housing Regulations
Local land use regulations in New Hampshire have significantly restricted residential housing development, contributing to a housing crisis. In the 1970s and 1980s, annual building permits exceeded 10,000, but regulations aimed at limiting population growth have diminished these numbers to about 3,000 currently. This drastic reduction has resulted in a shortage of housing options for residents wishing to move to New Hampshire, particularly those fleeing higher taxes in neighboring states. Consequently, towns have created barriers against the construction of diverse housing types, siding instead with regulations that stifle growth and maintain the status quo.
Changing Public Perception
Efforts to shift public opinion have shown promise in altering the perception of housing regulations in New Hampshire. A study commissioned by the Josiah Bartlett Center successfully illustrated how restrictive local land use regulations have led to a rise in housing prices and shortages. After conducting a media strategy and targeted community events, public support for relaxing these regulations increased from 29% to 61% over a year. As residents began to connect the dots between restrictive policies and housing availability, more people voiced their support for government action to facilitate responsible development.
Future of Local Governance
There is a growing concern that if local governments do not expedite changes to land use regulations, state-level preemptive policies may arise, limiting local authority. Although some state legislators propose measures to mitigate local power, advocates argue that empowering local governments to adjust rules might effectively address housing shortages. Heightened demand for flexibility in building policies indicates that progress is possible if local officials respond to community needs. This emergent dialogue has begun to shift the attitudes of planning boards toward fostering more development, ultimately benefiting residents and the local economy.
Downtowns built 100 years ago are still viable, so why are they so hard to build today? Andrew Cline is president of the Josiah Bartlett Center for Public Policy. We talked about what's instructive about the changes in New Hampshire's zoning rules that have left so many towns unable to renew themselves.