Tick talk: What to keep in mind before venturing outdoors
Jul 22, 2024
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Dr. Laura Ferguson, a biologist, discusses the increasing threat of tick-borne illnesses in Canada beyond Lyme disease. The podcast covers the surge in tick populations, symptoms of Lyme disease and anaplasmosis, managing tick populations, promoting plant biodiversity, and preventing tick bites with expert advice on removal.
Tick populations in Canada, including black-legged ticks, have surged due to factors like climate change, leading to an increase in tick-borne illnesses.
Ticks are no longer limited to woodland areas but have spread to urban settings, posing a higher risk of contact with humans.
Deep dives
Tick Population Growth in Canada
The tick population in Canada, particularly the black-legged ticks or Ixodes scapularis, has significantly increased over the past decade. Previously, tick issues were more isolated, but now, especially in southeastern parts of Canada, tick populations have surged. Factors like climate change have contributed to this growth, with warmer temperatures accelerating tick development and reproduction, leading to a rise in tick-borne illnesses.
Tick Distribution Beyond Woodlands
Ticks are no longer confined to woodland areas but have been found in urban settings such as cities and backyards. The E-Tick app allows for passive surveillance of ticks and showcases reports from urban areas, indicating the presence of ticks. Wildlife like birds and small mammals help ticks enter urban environments, expanding their habitat and increasing the risk of contact with humans.
Tick-Borne Diseases and Control Strategies
Lyme disease is commonly associated with ticks, specifically the black-legged tick or Ixodes scapularis. Apart from Lyme disease, ticks can also transmit diseases like anaplasmosis, caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum. To manage tick populations, integrated pest management approaches, preventive measures like tick checks, wearing protective clothing, and using repellents are recommended. Ongoing research explores natural alternatives like essential oils and fungi for tick control.
If you get outside to enjoy Canadian nature, you've probably been warned about ticks and their potential to spread Lyme disease. But you may not have been warned about the other illnesses ticks can spread, like Anaplasmosis, which is currently on the rise in Canada.
The tick problem this year, is worse than last year, and much much worse than even a decade ago. Is there anything we can do to curb their spread? And what can you do to keep yourself safe?
GUEST: Dr. Laura Ferguson: Biologist and Associate Professor at Acadia University