Conversations : Murali Neelakantan Looks at Indian Pharma
Sep 24, 2023
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Murali Neelakantan, former Global General Counsel at Cipla, discusses the poor quality of manufacturing sites in the Indian pharmaceutical industry and the need for stricter regulation. Topics include the use of fillers in tablets, controversies surrounding generic prescriptions, lack of scientific basis for Ayurvedic products, and lack of accountability in vaccine-related deaths. The podcast also explores the disparities in regulations between the US and EU regarding chemicals in processed food.
The Indian pharmaceutical industry produces varying quality products due to different manufacturing standards and regulations, which contributes to a disparity in quality within the industry.
The lack of uniformity and integration between the public and private healthcare sectors in India creates disparities in healthcare access and quality, highlighting the need for a unified market.
Deep dives
Variety of Quality in the Indian Pharmaceutical Space
The Indian pharmaceutical industry produces three different quality products: export quality for developed countries, Indian quality for domestic markets, and lower quality for poor countries. This variety in quality is due to different manufacturing standards and regulations. While products for developed countries meet the quality standards applicable in those countries, products for domestic and poorer markets may not meet the same standards. The issue of poor manufacturing standards and negligent regulation contributes to the disparity in quality within the Indian pharmaceutical industry. Several books, such as 'Bottle of Lies' by Katherine Eban and 'The Truth Bill' by Dinesh Thakur and Prashant Reddy, discuss the extensive quality control issues and discrepancies that exist.
Challenges in Ensuring Pharmaceutical Quality in India
Ensuring the quality of pharmaceutical products in India is a complex process that involves various stages of production, testing, and regulation. From the sourcing of raw materials to the manufacturing and storing of drugs, each stage must adhere to quality standards. However, challenges arise due to a lack of proper checks and testing procedures. Inadequate regulation and enforcement result in the proliferation of bad manufacturing practices and poor-quality products. The absence of strict penalties for non-compliance further exacerbates the problem. The lack of awareness and collective action from consumers within the Indian market also contributes to the persistence of poor-quality drugs.
The Need for Unified Healthcare Market in India
In India, there is a fragmented healthcare system with separate public and private sectors. The lack of uniformity and integration between these sectors creates disparities in healthcare access and quality. Unifying the healthcare market is essential to ensure equitable access to healthcare services and to address the limitations and inefficiencies of the current system. By creating a unified market, healthcare coverage and pricing can be standardized, ensuring that all individuals, regardless of socioeconomic status, have equal access to quality healthcare. Several states, such as Tamil Nadu and Rajasthan, have implemented successful healthcare schemes that could serve as models for unifying the healthcare market.
Concerns about Alternative Medicine and Ayurvedic Products in India
India's growing market for alternative medicine, such as Ayurveda and homeopathy, raises concerns regarding quality control, efficacy, and regulation. Prominent companies promoting Ayurvedic products, even multinational corporations, have contributed to the increased market for these products. However, there are concerns about the scientific basis and safety of these products. Many Ayurvedic products contain heavy metals or make unverified claims. The lack of stringent regulation and oversight enables the promotion of such products without proper evidence or adherence to scientific standards. These issues highlight the need for stronger regulation and transparency in the alternative medicine market in India.
My guest today is Murali Neelakantan. Murali is a graduate of the '96 batch of the NLSIU and was one of the first India educated lawyers to have become a partner in an English law firm. After moving back to India, he worked as a Senior Partner at Khaitan and Co before joining Cipla as a Global General Counsel. After Cipla, Murali is currently focusing on a variety of policy, education, and other projects. Murali has a wealth of experience in pharma and the Indian judicial system which we will uncover in this two episode series. Unfortunately, this will be an audio only episode as we faced some bandwidth issues, but as Murali jokingly put it once "I have a great face for the radio." But I really hope the quality of the conversation makes up for it.
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