Population science in Japan was shaped by the state and socio-political conditions, influenced by the quantification of social facts and the co-production of natural and social orders.
After World War II, Japan shifted its focus to population control and quality, implementing birth control policies and eugenic measures based on perceptions of superior and inferior traits.
Deep dives
The Evolution of Population Science in Japan
The book explores the development of population science in Japan from the 1860s to the 1960s, focusing on its role in policy and governance.
The Three Frameworks of Analysis
The book employs three frameworks: quantification of social facts, co-production of natural and social orders, and micro-politics to analyze how population science was shaped by the state and socio-political conditions.
The Attraction of Population Science for the Japanese Government
The government became attracted to population science due to its ability to present the country's population in numbers, allowing for the understanding and prediction of population trends and the potential impact on national strength and welfare.
Post-War Population Management and the Concept of Population Quality
After World War II, Japan shifted its focus to population control and the idea of population quality. The government implemented birth control policies while also enacting eugenic measures based on perceptions of superior and inferior traits.
Aya Homei’s Science for Governing Japan’s Population (Cambridge UP, 2022) examines the science and policy of population in Japan, 1860s-1960s. As in other modern nation-states and empires, population has been an index of national strength and a preoccupation of specialists and policymakers alike. Homei tackles the origins and changes of this interest in Japan, and the mutual dependence of the development of population as an object of knowledge and management for both the state and scientific community. Science for Governing shows that population science was shaped by the shifting imperatives and ideologies of the state and the sociopolitical and economic conditions in which knowledge was produced.
Nathan Hopson is an associate professor of Japanese language and history in the University of Bergen's Department of Foreign Languages.