The Political History of the United States 3.17 The 1741 New York Slave Conspiracy
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Nov 29, 2021 In 1741, a wave of paranoia swept through New York over a supposed slave conspiracy. Urban fears intensified following a series of mysterious fires, leading to a frenzy of arrests and coerced confessions. Investigative tactics reflected a Salem-like hysteria, particularly targeting slaves with restricted testimonial rights. The trials expanded rapidly, framing a narrative linking the fires to Spanish plots. Ultimately, the lack of solid evidence raised questions about the true nature of the conspiracy, revealing the harsh realities of urban slavery.
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Urban Slavery Created Unique Paranoia
- New York's urban slavery created unique paranoia because slaves lived inside owners' homes and could meet more easily than on plantations.
- This produced unusually strict local slave codes aimed at preventing gatherings and potential revolts.
The Fort George Fire That Sparked Panic
- Fort George caught fire on March 18, 1741, an event that triggered wider panic and investigation.
- A slave named Cuffey was reported to have been seen pouring out his water buckets and laughing during the blaze.
Multiple Fires Elevated Suspicion
- Multiple fires across the city shifted suspicion from accidents to arson and potential organized plots.
- Early suspects included Spanish slaves, then African slaves, intensifying existing fears of rebellion.
