JEAN TWENGE: Do millennials and Gen Z have it harder?
Jul 9, 2024
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Jean Twenge, psychologist and professor, discusses generational differences and the impact of technology on mental health. Topics include rising rates of depression, delayed milestones, impact of smartphones on behavior, and challenges in modern parenting. Twenge also explores differences in political leanings, social media behavior, and economic realities among millennials and Gen Z.
Smartphone and social media impact mental health among teens.
Modern parenting styles hinder teens' transition into adulthood.
Political leanings and social media content influence mental well-being of youth.
Deep dives
Impact of Technology on Generations
Generations have been shaped by technological advancements over time. The introduction of smartphones and social media has significantly impacted mental health among teens. The amount of time spent on social media has increased, leading to displacement of in-person interactions, lack of sleep, and exposure to negative content and cyberbullying. These factors contribute to rising rates of depression, anxiety, and self-harm, particularly among young girls who spend more time on social media.
Parenting Styles and Slow Life Strategy
Parenting styles have evolved, with a focus on protecting children from physical harm and discomfort. The slow life strategy, characterized by nurturing children more carefully and delaying independence milestones, has led to challenges for teens transitioning into adulthood. Teens today are less likely to engage in adult activities like driving or working, as parents prioritize safety and comfort. This trend has implications for the development of life skills and independence among the younger generation.
Shift in Political Leanings and Impact on Mental Health
There is a noticeable divide in political leanings among young men and women, with liberal-leaning individuals reporting higher rates of depression and anxiety. Left-leaning content on social media, coupled with a lack of agency and external locus of control, may contribute to feelings of dispiritedness among liberal youth. The trend towards political polarization aligns with the rise in mental health issues, emphasizing the connection between social media content and mental well-being.
Generational Shift in Parenting and Safety Emphasis
Parents of Gen Z kids are noted for their overprotectiveness, manifesting in establishing a safety-oriented mindset, leading to risk-averse behavior. This trend, largely visible in online interactions and emotional risks, contrasts with previous generations like Gen X, highlighting a cultural shift towards shielding children from discomfort and challenges.
Work Ethic & Social Media Impact on Gen Z
Gen Z's shifting attitudes towards work, with declining willingness for overtime and work centrality, signal a departure from traditional work ethics. Moreover, there's growing advocacy for social media regulation, reflecting a collective pushback against addiction and negative impacts, potentially reshaping societal norms and behaviors, ushering in a new era of values and priorities for upcoming generations.
Jean Twenge (psychologist; professor at San Diego State University) is regarded as the world expert on “generations”. She famously described millennials as “Generation Me” (also the name of her 2006 book) and first made the (controversial) connection back in 2017 between smartphones and the sharp uptick in anxiety and depression among Gen Z teens, which has since become one of our culture’s top talking points. In her recent book, Generations: The Real Differences Between Gen Z, Millennials, Gen X, Boomers, and Silents―and What They Mean for America's Future she explains how themes such as narcissism, individualism, fear and tech addiction play out between the generations (including the Boomers, Xers, and the latest cohort, “the Polars”).
In this chat we cover…Do millennials actually have it harder? Why do 60% of Gen Z girls have mental health problems? Why aren’t young people aren't getting their driver's licenses? Is modern parenting setting kids up for failure? As well as the “slow life” phenomenon.
You can catch Jean in Sydney at the Festival of Dangerous Ideas on 24-25 August, speaking at the following talks.