Understanding Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) and Infectious Mononucleosis

The Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) is a common pathogen that can lead to infectious mononucleosis, a condition characterized by fever, sore throat, and lymphadenopathy. This virus is part of the herpesvirus family and is spread through close contact with infected individuals, often manifesting through the classic triad of symptoms including significant sore throat, fever, and prominent lymph node enlargement. EBV primarily targets B lymphocytes, leading to symptoms as lymphocytes proliferate and infiltrate various organs such as the liver and spleen, which can result in splenomegaly. It is important for clinicians to recognize that EBV is widespread, affecting individuals regardless of age and geographic location, making it critical for accurate diagnosis and management.