029 Exploring the Divine-Human Partnership in Scripture Creation | Featuring the D&C
Sep 19, 2023
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Guest D&C discusses the process of canonization in scripture production, exploring the significance of scripture, the definition and sources of scripture, the role of canon in measuring truth, and the messy process of compiling the Doctrine and Covenants. They also touch on the collaborative nature of scripture and the possibility of future additions to the canon.
Canonization is a messy and collaborative process that involves combining, revising, and selecting excerpts to create authoritative scripture.
The Doctrine and Covenants is a unique collection of scripture with modern origins, serving as American scripture that expands upon foundational principles.
The process of canonization acknowledges human imperfections and limitations, highlighting the collaborative interplay between humans and the divine in the creation of scripture and the selection of canon.
Deep dives
Canonization and the Messiness of Scripture
Canonization is the process of turning scripture into canon, the authoritative collection of sacred books used by believers. Scripture is the words spoken by inspiration given to prophets and apostles, while canon acts as the measuring rod for determining what is considered genuine and true. The creation of canon is messy and involves collaboration between humans and God. Examples from the Doctrine and Covenants demonstrate the complex process of canonization, such as combining multiple revelations into one section, revising and amending texts, and selecting specific excerpts for inclusion. The messy nature of canonization should not undermine the validity of scripture, but rather serve as a testimony that it is a living and dynamic process guided by divine revelation.
The Doctrine and Covenants as Living Scripture
The Doctrine and Covenants is a unique collection of scripture that differs from ancient documents. It is considered scripture because it was given by God through His chosen prophets to restore His holy work and establish His kingdom. While the Doctrine and Covenants is not a translation of an ancient document, it is of modern origin and serves as American scripture. Although it may be challenging to understand, its complexity adds richness and depth to its teachings, making it a valuable resource for deeper exploration and understanding of the gospel. As President Ezra Taft Benson stated, the Book of Mormon is the keystone of our religion, and the Doctrine and Covenants is the capstone, building upon and expanding the foundational principles.
Canonization Process and the Messiness of Scripture
The process of canonization involves preparing, reviewing, and approving sacred texts for inclusion in the canon of scripture. The Doctrine and Covenants provides insights into this process as it reveals how revelations were recorded, copied, edited, and revised before publication. The messy nature of canonization is evident in examples such as revising and combining revelations, excerpting relevant sections, and seeking additional revelations to address unanswered questions. The fact that changes and corrections have occurred in published works does not diminish the truth and validity of the scriptures, but underscores the collaborative effort between humans and God in the creation of scripture and the ongoing revelation received by prophets.
Scripture and Canon: Navigating the Messiness
Scripture refers to the words spoken by inspiration given to prophets and apostles, while canonization is the process of determining which scriptures are considered authoritative and trustworthy. While scripture can be spoken by anyone moved upon by the Holy Ghost, canon serves as the measuring rod for determining truthfulness and correctness. The process of canonization acknowledges the imperfections and limitations of human language and understanding, resulting in the need for clarification, revision, and adaptation. The messy nature of this process should not undermine faith, but rather highlights the collaborative interplay between humans and the divine in the creation of scripture and the selection of canon.
Section 27, 107, and 137: Case Studies in Canonization
Three examples from the Doctrine and Covenants showcase the messy nature of canonization. In Section 27, different parts of the revelation received at different times were combined to form a cohesive whole. Section 107 encompasses various revelations on church governance, compiled and organized for easy reference. Section 137 includes an excerpt from Joseph Smith's journal entry, later deemed significant and canonized to provide hope and understanding. These case studies demonstrate the intricate process of selecting, revising, and arranging revelations to create a unified and cohesive canon of scripture.
One of the biggest criticisms of scripture generally is the extent to which humans were involved in its production. On the one hand, we can’t really expect scripture to be effortlessly beamed down from heaven to flawed and imperfect humans and then interpreted flawlessly and recorded perfectly, can we? But on the other hand, how “divine” and trustworthy can scripture be if flawed humans were involved in writing it, compiling it, editing it, and publishing it?
In this episode of Church History Matters, we discuss an important, albeit not fool-proof, process to mitigate against human weakness and error in scripture. And that’s called “canonization.” We look at the difference between scripture, scripture canon, and what we call “the harmonized scripture canon.” We discuss why these distinctions matter, what’s involved in the process of scripture canonization, and how the production of the Doctrine and Covenants itself offers us a window into this important process.