The Audio Long Read The dangerous rise of Buddhist extremism: ‘Attaining nirvana can wait’
Jan 16, 2026
Exploring the unexpected danger of Buddhist extremism, the discussion uncovers how Theravada monks have shifted towards nationalist agendas in Sri Lanka and Myanmar. It contrasts the philosophy's peaceful image with historical instances of violence. The rise of militant movements is linked to global autocratic trends, while leaders like Nanasara exploit rhetoric on social media, igniting real-world violence. The silence of moderate clergy raises questions about complicity, highlighting a complex interplay between religion, identity, and nationalism.
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Ahimsa Masks Historical Complexity
- Buddhism's global image of ahimsa (non-harming) masks historical and regional complexities that include violence and militarisation.
- Sonia Faleiro shows how colonialism, reform and politics reshaped Buddhist roles from spiritual to political actors.
Monks Mobilised For Nationalist Power
- In Sri Lanka and Myanmar, Buddhist clergy have been weaponised to serve nationalist and majoritarian political projects.
- Faleiro links colonial legacies and economic inequality to monks' growing political influence and sectarian violence.
Self-Immolation As Sacred Protest
- Lakpa Sereng described his 2006 self-immolation as a continuation of a Buddhist tradition of sacrifice symbolised by the story of the starving tigress.
- He now channels resistance into plays and community life while reflecting on the moral weight of such acts.
