Explore the practice of laying on hands to cure the King's Evil, a form of tuberculosis. Learn about the historical connections between diseases and royal families, including the concept of the 'Royal touch'. Discover the evolution of the monarch's tradition of donating gold or silver for cramp rings with healing powers. Dive into the controversies surrounding the practice of the royal touch and the debates from medical and religious perspectives.
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Quick takeaways
The practice of the royal touch, where monarchs would cure scrophula by touching their subjects, was prevalent in medieval and early modern Europe.
Scrophula, an infection of the lymph nodes caused by tuberculosis, often resulted in painful and disfiguring symptoms.
Deep dives
The King's Evil and the Royal Touch
The practice of the royal touch, where monarchs would cure scrophula by touching their subjects, was prevalent in medieval and early modern Europe. Edward the Confessor and later monarchs like Charles II and Queen Anne carried out this practice, attracting large crowds seeking healing. There were debates about the legitimacy and effectiveness of this touch, with some doctors and clergy skeptical. The connection between scrophula and the royal touch solidified over time, with the term 'The King's Evil' being used to describe the condition. The popularity of the royal touch eventually faded, with George I of England putting an end to it in 1714 and the French Revolution ending the practice in France.
Historical Views and Treatments of Scrophula
Scrophula, an infection of the lymph nodes caused by tuberculosis, often resulted in painful and disfiguring symptoms. Before the development of antibiotics, treatments aimed to balance the humors, drain excess fluid, or apply topical remedies. Physicians held various beliefs about the causes of scrophula, including excessive phlegm, hereditary factors, bad diet, lack of exercise, and even the timing of conception according to the lunar cycle. Misdiagnoses and confusion with other conditions further complicated the treatment of scrophula throughout history.
The Connection Between Scrophula and Tuberculosis
Scrophula and pulmonary tuberculosis have a connection as they are caused by the same bacteria. It was only in 1882 that medical science confirmed this link and identified the bacterial cause of tuberculosis. Scrophula primarily affected the lymph nodes, resulting in swelling, sores, and abscesses. While rare today with access to modern medicine, untreated scrophula could cause severe pain and disfigurement, leading to mistaken diagnoses and ineffective treatments in the past.
Theories and Debates on the Royal Touch
Various theories have been proposed to explain the healing effects attributed to the royal touch. Some suggest that the bovine form of tuberculosis transmitted through contaminated milk may have naturally resolved coincidentally after the monarch's touch. Skepticism among doctors and clergy led to debates about the practice's legitimacy and effectiveness. The popularity of the royal touch waned over time, particularly with the rise of scientific understanding and skepticism during the Protestant Reformation. Ultimately, the practice ended with George I of England in 1714 and the French Revolution in 1789.
This 2017 episode examines the practice of British and French monarchs laying on hands to cure sick people from the medieval period to the 18th century. One disease was so often "cured" it came to be known as the King's Evil.