Cancer should be categorized based on molecular and genetic mechanisms instead of body parts. Changing how we name cancers can lead to tailored and efficient treatments. Naming based on organ of origin causes problems with clinical trials and training. A biology-based approach improves patient outcomes. Barriers like cost and perception can be overcome with AI and education. The speakers express gratitude and promote research opportunities.
Cancer classification based on body parts can limit treatment options for metastatic cancer, advocating for a shift towards classifying cancers based on molecular or genetic causes to guide targeted therapies.
A molecular-based cancer classification system offers advantages in drug development, hospital organization, and physician training, enabling the development of drugs that target specific molecular mechanisms and restructuring hospitals to focus on the biology of cancers.
Deep dives
Rethinking Cancer Classification
Cancer classification based on body parts can limit treatment options for metastatic cancer. Oncologists advocate for a shift towards classifying cancers based on molecular or genetic causes to guide targeted therapies. For instance, drugs that target specific molecular mechanisms have shown efficacy in certain types of cancer, but clinical trials organized by organ have caused delays in treatment for patients with specific biological features. Revising cancer classification based on molecular features would improve drug development, accelerate clinical trials, and facilitate patient understanding and engagement with treatment.
Benefits of Molecular-Based Classification
A molecular-based cancer classification system offers advantages in drug development, hospital organization, and physician training. It enables the development of drugs that target specific molecular mechanisms, which can be effective across multiple cancer types. Restructuring hospitals to focus on the biology of cancers rather than organ-specific locations would provide specialized expertise for each type of cancer. Moreover, reducing the number of clinical trials through molecular-based classification would enhance the understanding of therapies and their side effects for both physicians and patients.
Overcoming Barriers to Molecular Testing
Although accessing molecular testing for cancer is currently limited, several barriers can be overcome. Implementing artificial intelligence-assisted pathology can reduce costs and improve accessibility. Additionally, education and raising awareness among healthcare professionals about the importance of molecular testing can help ensure its routine use. Despite challenges, the momentum towards a molecular-based cancer classification system is driven by the researchers and the need to provide patients with access to targeted therapies.
For over a century, cancer has been classified by areas of the body - lung cancer, breast cancer, skin cancer etc. And yet modern medical research is telling us that the molecular and genetic mechanisms behind cancers are not necessarily tied to parts of the body. Many drugs developed to treat metastatic cancers have the capacity to work across many different cancers, and that presents an opportunity for more tailored and efficient treatments. Oncologists are calling for a change in the way patients, clinicians and regulators think about naming cancers.
In this podcast, senior comment editor Lucy Odling-Smee speaks with Fabrice André from Institute Gustave Roussy, to ask what he thinks needs to change.