Nicholas Burns, the U.S. ambassador to China since 2022, shares insights on the complex U.S.-China relationship during a pivotal period. He discusses strategies for addressing rising tensions, focusing on diplomacy over hostility. The conversation delves into critical issues like the fentanyl crisis and military competition, highlighting the need for responsible engagement. Burns emphasizes balancing national interests with people-to-people ties and the importance of maintaining open communication to prevent conflict.
The significance of maintaining open diplomatic channels was emphasized as crucial for managing U.S.-China competition and avoiding conflict.
The Biden administration's approach now reflects a cautious stance on China's aggressive strategies while seeking collaboration on issues like climate change.
Deep dives
Overview of US-China Diplomatic Engagement
The recent engagements between US National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan and Chinese officials signify a constructive phase in US-China relations, particularly following a period of tension. Ambassadors and officials have emphasized the importance of maintaining open diplomatic channels, which have been vital in addressing conflicts and competition. The meetings included discussions with high-ranking officials and marked significant progress in diplomatic connectivity that allows for direct communication during crises. This continued dialogue is crucial to managing competition while striving for conflict avoidance.
The Complexity of Taiwan and Military Commitments
The US maintains a long-standing one-China policy, even as tensions have escalated around Taiwan and the surrounding regions. The approach to Taiwan has remained consistent since President Nixon's 1972 visit, focusing on peaceful resolutions and discouraging aggressive military posturing. The diplomatic priority includes reaffirming commitments to allies like the Philippines in the South China Sea, emphasizing a united front in defense agreements amid increasing military activity from China. This balancing act is essential to maintaining stability while addressing the evolving security landscape.
Addressing Fentanyl and Illicit Drug Trafficking
The flow of fentanyl precursor chemicals from China remains a critical issue for the Biden administration, with substantial discussions on this topic between US and Chinese officials. Progress has been made with China agreeing to restrict certain chemicals, yet the challenge persists due to the involvement of illicit actors rather than the government. The US is committed to collaborative law enforcement efforts to address the fentanyl crisis, which poses a significant threat to public health. As fentanyl remains a leading cause of death among young Americans, there is a strong focus on ongoing dialogue and progress towards concrete actions.
Evolving Perspectives on China and Diplomatic Strategies
The shift in US policy towards China reflects a growing recognition of China's aggressive strategies and competition in various sectors, including technology and military capability. Historical approaches that once viewed China through a lens of potential partnership have now given way to a more cautious and competitive stance. The focus includes safeguarding national interests while finding opportunities for engagement in areas like climate change and public health. Balancing competition with meaningful dialogue is seen as critical to managing potential conflicts in a complex geopolitical landscape.
Nicholas Burns has served as the U.S. ambassador to China since 2022, a period that encompasses not only the country’s COVID-19 pandemic lockdowns but also a series of high and low points in the U.S.-China relationship. How should Washington compete with Beijing without spiraling into conflict? Burns joins FP Live for a rare longform interview.