Does School Choice Raise the Price of Private Education?
Sep 20, 2023
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This podcast discusses the potential impact of school choice programs on private school tuition. It explores the concept of subsidizing consumption and presents data indicating that school choice programs may not necessarily lead to higher tuition prices. The analysis reveals a decrease in overall private school tuition, with a significant decrease in elementary school tuition. It also highlights the competitive environment created by more options and the impact of subsidies on an otherwise uncompetitive system. The podcast also explores the impact of Education Savings Account programs on tuition inflation and emphasizes the cost-consciousness of families receiving subsidies.
Expanding school choice options could have a small negative effect on private school tuition.
States with school choice programs had lower average private school tuition inflation rates.
Deep dives
Effect of Subsidies on Tuition
The concern that school choice programs could raise private school tuition prices is similar to the effect seen in higher education where subsidies have led to increased tuition rates. However, an analysis comparing states with school choice programs to those without shows that states with school choice actually had lower average private school tuition inflation rates, indicating that the Bennett hypothesis might not hold in K-12 education. The data suggests that expanding school choice options could have either no effect or a small statistically significant negative effect on private school tuition.
Differences between Higher Ed and K-12 Education
A fundamental difference between higher education and K-12 education is that subsidies in higher education mostly benefit public universities, while some subsidies like Pell grants and federal loans also go to private institutions. However, tuition increases have been observed in both public and private universities. The concern with expanding school choice is whether private school tuition prices would also increase. Currently, public schools and charter schools receive subsidies, but extending those subsidies to the private sector may have implications for tuition prices.
Analysis and Findings on School Choice Programs
An analysis comparing states with school choice programs to those without over a 10-year period found that states with school choice had lower average private school tuition inflation rates. Although this analysis cannot establish a causal relationship, it provides initial evidence that school choice programs have either no effect or a small negative effect on private school tuition. More comprehensive analysis considering all states and controlling for different factors also indicates a small decrease in private school tuition, particularly for elementary school. It is hypothesized that the competitive environment and cost savings from adding more students drive these results.
School choice is on the march so it's reasonable to ask if the shift toward relatively more students receiving private school educations will raise prices at those schools? Cato adjunct Jason Bedrick comments.