Google linux boxes have over 16 NVMe SSD PCIe Express drives.When a shutdown signal is sent to linux, the OS iterate through each NVMe and send synchronous request to shutdown that takes 4.5 seconds. This adds up to over a minute to achieve a reboot. Google patches linux with asynchronous Shutdown APIs
Resources https://www.phoronix.com/forums/forum/phoronix/latest-phoronix-articles/1316262-google-has-a-problem-with-linux-server-reboots-too-slow-due-to-too-many-nvme-drives
patch https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/20220328230008.3587975-1-tansuresh@google.com/
Sync vs async https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=asynchronous+vs+synchronous+hussein
The Backend Engineering Show with Hussein Nasser