Naked Bible 413: Paul’s Use of the Old Testament Series: The Messianic Story Part 1
Feb 21, 2022
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Dr. Matt Halsted, an expert in interpreting Old Testament messianic themes, dives deep into the Old Testament’s narrative structure. He emphasizes a storied approach to understanding the Messiah, challenging traditional views. Halsted explores the significance of key motifs like 'offspring' and the covenant with Abraham, connecting them to Paul's interpretations. They highlight the intertwining narratives within scripture, showcasing how the themes of rulership and sonship in the Davidic covenant inform the New Testament and enrich the reader's understanding of God's redemptive plan.
A storied approach to the Old Testament reveals deeper interconnected narratives rather than relying solely on the word 'Messiah.'
The offspring motif, introduced in Genesis, emphasizes God's promise of redemption through lineage and highlights humanity's pivotal role.
Paul's writings bridge the Old and New Testaments, demonstrating that faith in Christ connects all believers to Abraham's promise.
Deep dives
The Messianic Approach to Scripture
Understanding the Old Testament requires more than a mere word study of the term 'Messiah.' Many scholars mistakenly deduce that the Old Testament does not align with New Testament portrayals of Jesus by limiting their approach to superficial analysis. However, it is crucial to view the scripture as a cohesive narrative that includes the story elements of Israel, extending from Adam through major figures like Abraham and David. This storied approach reveals the interconnectedness of scripture and clarifies how Paul's references to these narratives are deeply rooted in Old Testament themes.
God's Desire for Humanity
In Genesis, God's fundamental desire is established: He wants a relationship with humanity and seeks to create a family that can share in His purposeful mission. This is not abandoned after the fall; instead, God commits to working through people to fulfill His plans despite human shortcomings. The concept of the 'offspring' is introduced early, emphasizing humanity's role as conduits for divine intervention in history. The narrative showcases how God continues to engage with humanity, particularly through the selection of specific individuals to advance His goals.
The Offspring Motif
The offspring motif is pivotal in tracing the lineage through which God's promises are fulfilled. Starting with Genesis 3:15, this motif underscores the promise of an offspring that will ultimately confront evil. This theme recurs with Abraham, where God assures countless descendants, encapsulating not only quantitative but also qualitative significance. As the narrative unfolds, it highlights how these offspring are integral to divine plans, revealing God's consistent use of humanity to achieve His purposes.
Paul's Interpretation and Connection
Paul's writings connect deeply with the Old Testament, elucidating how Abraham's story and the offspring motif extend to all believers. In Romans, he emphasizes that justification comes through faith, a principle rooted in Abraham's own relationship with God prior to circumcision. This identification of believers as Abraham's descendants reaffirms that the promise extends beyond ethnic lineage, encompassing all who share faith in Christ. Paul's argument powerfully intertwines the Old Testament narrative with the New Testament's message of salvation for all, thus highlighting the universal reach of God's redemptive plan.
Rulership and Sonship Themes
The dynamics of kingship emerge through the narratives, specifically exemplifying how the rulers of Israel function as representational extensions of God's authority. The texts in 2 Samuel and Hebrews explicitly connect David's lineage with the concept of sonship, extending this identity to Jesus as the culmination of God's promises. As concepts converge, the themes of rulership and divinity are consistently reiterated, tying back to how these elements encapsulate the expectations of the Messiah. Furthermore, the recognition that believer's identity as sons of God parallels this lineage reinforces the profound implications of these motifs in understanding scripture's overarching narrative.
In the previous episode with Dr. Matt Halsted, we discussed how trying to articulate the Old Testament’s messiah merely by appeal to passages that contain that word (Hebrew, mashiach) was fundamentally misguided. What was needed, we concluded, was a “storied approach” to the Old Testament. We begin that journey in this episode, considering not only why it is important to approach the Old Testament as a story (as opposed to a textbook or reference work), but how doing so reveals important motifs along the way. These story elements provide a framework for understanding the Old Testament salvation plan of God through a human being, one who was also the son of God, who only later would be called “messiah” in a handful of passages. The motifs, it turns out, are far more important than that single term.
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