Arvid J. Lukauskas and Yumiko Shimabukuro, "Misery Beneath the Miracle in East Asia" (Cornell UP, 2024)
Feb 7, 2025
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In this insightful discussion, Dr. Arvid J. Lukauskas, a faculty member at Columbia University, and co-author of "Misery Beneath the Miracle in East Asia," unearth critical social issues underlying East Asia's economic success. They discuss the alarming rates of elderly poverty, systemic challenges for low-wage workers, and the stark realities of child welfare and housing crises in the region. The authors argue for a holistic approach to economic growth that prioritizes social welfare, shedding light on the hidden 'misery' in a seemingly prosperous landscape.
The podcast critiques the commonly held belief in the East Asian economic miracle by highlighting severe social welfare crises like elderly poverty.
Lukauskas and Shimabukuro emphasize that prioritizing economic growth through productivism has led to rising inequality and inadequate safety nets.
The authors adopt a holistic, interdisciplinary approach to reveal how interconnected sociopolitical issues impact the lives of vulnerable citizens.
Deep dives
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Exploring Social Welfare in East Asia
The discussion centers on the book 'Misery Beneath the Miracle in East Asia,' which critically examines the narrative of the East Asian economic miracle, particularly in Japan, South Korea, and China. The authors argue that while these nations have seen significant economic growth, it has often been at the expense of social welfare, resulting in issues like high elderly poverty and insufficient housing. They emphasize that the common portrayal of these countries as egalitarian is misleading, as rising inequality and neglected social needs persist despite economic advancements. This book presents a balanced view by highlighting the real-life experiences of impacted individuals alongside statistical analysis.
Authors' Background and Research Motivation
The authors, Dr. Arvid Lukauskas and Dr. Yumi Shimaburuko, have extensive backgrounds in economics and social policy, informing their exploration of inequality and social welfare in East Asia. Motivated by concerns over those left behind in rapid economic shifts, their joint research aims to uncover the social implications of policies prioritizing growth. Through firsthand experiences with policymakers and activists, they identified alarming social issues like high elderly poverty and a lack of affordable housing, which prompted their commitment to exploring these challenges further. Their analysis seeks to provide insights useful for other emerging markets grappling with similar issues.
Research Methodology and Case Study Focus
The authors critique existing social policy studies for their focus on single issues within narrow disciplines, opting instead for a more holistic approach. By examining interconnected problems across several East Asian nations, they highlight the impact of socio-economic policies on lived experiences. They selected four key issues—elderly poverty, low-income worker struggles, child maltreatment, and inadequate housing—pairing them with specific countries to illustrate varying degrees of severity. Their novel use of synthetic narratives aims to engage readers emotionally by presenting real-life scenarios faced by citizens dealing with these pressing challenges.
Productivism's Role in Social Issues
The concept of productivism, which prioritizes economic growth over social spending, is identified as a critical underlying factor for persistent social issues in East Asia. This framework leads to minimal government resources being allocated to social safety nets, despite the rising socioeconomic risks faced by vulnerable populations. As a result, welfare programs often fail to address the needs of groups like the elderly poor and working class. The authors argue that this disjunction between growth and social welfare has fostered rising inequality, with vested interests further reinforcing the status quo, making substantial reforms difficult.
Misery beneath the Miracle in East Asia (Cornell University Press, 2024) challenges prevailing views of the East Asian economic miracle. Existing scholarship has overlooked the severity, persistence, and harmful consequences of the social-welfare crises affecting the region. Dr. Arvid J. Lukauskas and Dr. Yumiko Shimabukuro fill this gap and put a major asterisk on East Asia's economic record.
Combining big-picture analysis, abundant data, a dynamic interdisciplinary framework, and powerful human stories, they shed light on the social ills that governments have failed to address adequately, including low wages, child abuse, elderly poverty, and substandard housing. One of the major forces behind the multidimensional welfare crises is the region's productivist welfare strategy, which prioritizes economic growth while abandoning a robust social safety net, leaving the most vulnerable segments of society largely unprotected.
Misery beneath the Miracle in East Asia brings the region into debates over the dangers of seeking growth at all costs that are currently embroiling the United States and other advanced industrialized countries.
This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose new book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars.