History Daily 1301: The Portuguese Royal Family Flees to Brazil
Jan 22, 2026
On January 22, 1808, the Portuguese royal family fled to Brazil to escape a French invasion. The chaotic embarkation lived up to the drama of the era, as Queen Maria faced health risks at sea. Initially met with confusion, Salvador quickly organized a triumphant welcome, transforming Brazil into a royal capital. Tensions brewed as British control led to resentment in Portugal, igniting a revolution. Finally, Dom Pedro's decision to remain in Brazil fueled its independence, heralding a new chapter in the country's history.
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The Royal Escape From Lisbon
- Dom João flees Lisbon as French troops approach and boards ships with his confused mother and young sons to escape to Brazil.
- He feels ashamed as citizens shout abuse while the fleet sails away, fearing he may never return.
Arrival Sparks Brazil's Transformation
- João's arrival in Brazil begins a transformation that accelerates development and political change over the next 13 years.
- His presence shifts Brazil from a neglected colony toward becoming a co-equal kingdom and administrative center.
Awkward Arrival In Salvador
- João diverts to Salvador and initially finds the city nearly deserted and unprepared for a royal arrival.
- He waits a night and the next day receives a formal welcome with gun salutes, bells, and a procession into the city.