seX & whY Episode 4 Part 1: Sex Differences in Heart Disease
Aug 4, 2017
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The hosts discuss sex and gender-based differences in cardiovascular disease, including the diagnosis and treatment of heart attacks. They explore the importance of understanding the distinction between biological sex and gender in relation to cardiac disease. The chapter also covers conditions that mimic ST elevation myocardial infarction (MI) and the challenges they present in treatment.
Women tend to delay seeking medical attention for heart attacks, while men are more prompt in seeking help.
Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) may experience different treatment and delays based on sex and gender.
Deep dives
Differences in seeking medical help for acute chest pain
When it comes to patients presenting with acute chest pain, men are more likely than women to call an ambulance promptly and seek medical help. Women, on the other hand, tend to delay seeking medical attention, even if they are experiencing a heart attack. This delay can be attributed to various factors, including differences in perception, social determinants, and healthcare access. It is important to address these disparities and encourage timely medical help for both genders to ensure better outcomes.
Sex and gender-based disparities in STEMI treatment
Patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), a type of heart attack characterized by specific EKG findings, may experience differences in their treatment based on sex and gender. While men are more likely to have a STEMI, women tend to have lower delays in opening up the obstructed artery. This delay could be attributed to various factors, including differences in symptom presentation, technical challenges, or other physiological differences. It is vital to ensure timely treatment and consider adjustments, such as weight-based dosing for medications, to improve outcomes for both men and women experiencing STEMI.
Referrals and attendance for cardiac rehabilitation
After surviving a heart attack, both men and women are typically prescribed similar medications, including aspirin, beta-blockers, and statins. However, disparities arise when it comes to referrals for cardiac rehabilitation. Women tend to have fewer referrals and are less likely to attend cardiac rehab compared to men. This discrepancy in utilization of cardiac rehab programs is concerning since they have been proven to be beneficial in improving recovery and outcomes. It is essential to ensure equal access to cardiac rehab for all patients, regardless of gender, to optimize their recovery and long-term health.