Orla Guerin, BBC's senior international correspondent, reports on Middle Eastern conflicts. Dr. Ahron Bregman, a veteran of the Israeli army, shares insights into the Israeli-Palestinian dispute, while Dr. Julie Norman, a Politics expert, contextualizes the situation. They analyze the lasting impacts of Israel's 2005 withdrawal from Gaza, the ensuing humanitarian crisis, and how the rise of Hamas reshaped Palestinian politics. The discussion underscores the ongoing challenges for peace and the pressing need for a two-state solution.
The 2005 Israeli withdrawal from Gaza, while aimed at peace, inadvertently intensified conflict and deepened Palestinian political fragmentation.
The current humanitarian crisis in Gaza, marked by apocalyptic conditions, is exacerbated by blockades and diminishing prospects for peace negotiations.
Deep dives
Conditions in Gaza Amid Ongoing Conflict
The humanitarian situation in Gaza has reached critical levels, with the United Nations declaring conditions as apocalyptic. The entire population in the northern part of Gaza is at risk of starvation, disease, and violence, exacerbated by a blockade that has severely limited aid. Reports from various UN organizations highlight the dire consequences of this situation, with millions relying on life-saving supplies that are increasingly difficult to obtain. Israel's claim that it is allowing aid into Gaza is contested, as the US has urged increased aid flows to alleviate the crisis confronting the 2.2 million residents.
The Historical Context of the 2005 Israeli Withdrawal
The Israeli withdrawal from Gaza in 2005 was a pivotal event that shaped the region's current dynamics, as Israel disengaged from settlements while maintaining control over essential aspects like airspace and border crossings. This move was motivated by various factors, including the logistical challenges of protecting a small group of settlers with a large military presence, as well as international pressure for a peace process. However, the withdrawal was unilateral and not accompanied by a peace agreement, leaving Palestinians feeling abandoned and sparking further conflict. The actions taken during this withdrawal laid the groundwork for the rise of Hamas and the subsequent political fragmentation within Palestinian society.
The Future of Gaza and Prospects for Peace
Current perspectives suggest that the prospects for a two-state solution are diminishing, as ongoing violence and political divisiveness persist. Many commentators believe that past events, particularly the 2005 withdrawal, have made it increasingly difficult to achieve viable peace negotiations, with both Israelis and Palestinians expressing despair over their respective political leaders. Analysts argue that violence could continue to escalate, fueled by deepening resentment and a sense of hopelessness among the population. The possibility of a return to peace talks seems unlikely, especially as the Israeli government grows more reluctant to surrender land for peace, further complicating the future of the region.
We look back on the region’s history and discuss what it can teach us about the future.
Jonny Dymond brings together a carefully assembled panel of experts, academics and journalists to talk about the conflict in the region.
What has happened in history to lead us to this point? And what can history teach us about what might happen next?
This week Jonny is joined by Orla Guerin, the BBC’s senior international correspondent, Dr Ahron Bregman, senior teaching fellow at King’s College London and Dr Julie Norman, an Associate Professor in Politics and International Relations at UCL.
They explore how the decision by then-Israeli Prime Minister Ariel Sharon to “disengage” from Gaza and withdraw 9,000 Israeli settlers still looms large over the current conflict in the region.
This episode was made by Keiligh Baker with Ivana Davidovic. The technical producers were David Crackles and Jonny Hall. The assistant editor is Ben Mundy. The senior news editor is Sam Bonham.
This episode is part of a BBC Sounds series. It was recorded at 14:00 on Tuesday 5 November 2024.
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