VV ECMO Part 1: Who to cannulate to VV and how to get involved
Apr 24, 2023
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Experts discuss their personal experiences and advice in the field of ECMO. The use of VV ECMO in respiratory failure and the criteria for cannulation are explored. Choosing between VV and VA ECMO for progressive respiratory failure is discussed, along with the benefits of VV ECMO in neonates.
29:25
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Quick takeaways
The decision to initiate VV ECMO depends on factors such as the reversibility of the acute process, underlying diagnoses, contraindications, and the benefits and risks of ongoing high ventilator support, highlighting the importance of early discussion with surgical colleagues and considering technical feasibility in the decision-making process.
VV ECMO is beneficial for neonates with respiratory failure, providing lung rest and managing ventilator-induced lung injury, with common indications including meconium aspiration, severe RSV, ARDS, and idiopathic respiratory failure, while also exploring emerging indications like congenital diaphragmatic hernias.
Deep dives
Overview of VV ECMO course for patients in the PICU and NICU
This podcast episode introduces a series on VV ECMO, which covers various aspects of the course for patients in the PICU and NICU. It includes topics such as the decision to cannulate, optimizing flows, titrating arrest event settings, and more complex protocols like extubation and patient mobilization. The series features experts in pediatric intensive care and neonatology who provide insights and expertise in managing ECMO patients. The speakers also discuss their personal interests outside of medicine, emphasizing the importance of balancing personal and professional life.
Understanding VV ECMO and its indications in respiratory failure
The podcast explores VV ECMO, which stands for Veno-Venous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation. It is a lung bypass system that drains blood from a vein and returns it back to a vein. It is indicated for patients who have intact or adequate cardiac function but require extracorporeal support due to respiratory failure. The decision to initiate VV ECMO depends on factors such as the reversibility of the acute process, underlying diagnoses, contraindications, and the benefits and risks of ongoing high ventilator support. The speakers discuss the importance of early discussion with surgical colleagues and the consideration of technical feasibility in the decision-making process.
Benefits of VV ECMO for neonates with respiratory failure
The podcast highlights the evidence supporting the benefits of VV ECMO for neonates with respiratory failure. It references a landmark study from 1987 that demonstrated the superiority of ECMO over conventional therapy in neonates. The podcast emphasizes the concept of lung rest and how ECMO plays a crucial role in managing patients with ventilator-induced lung injury. Common indications for VV ECMO in the neonatal population include meconium aspiration, severe RSV, ARDS, and idiopathic respiratory failure. The speakers also discuss emerging indications, such as congenital diaphragmatic hernias.
VV ECMO in adolescents with severe ARDS: Indications and considerations
The podcast examines the use of VV ECMO in adolescents with severe ARDS. Unlike neonates, there are no standard triggers for cannulation in this age group, but the benefits of VV ECMO outweigh the risks in certain patient populations. Common indications for VV ECMO in adolescents include infectious or traumatic causes of ARDS, inhalational injuries, asthma, and idiopathic respiratory failure. The podcast emphasizes the need for expertise and coordination among the ECMO team and surgical colleagues when managing these patients.
Jenna Miller, MD is an Associate Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine. She completed her medical school and residency in Kansas City before moving to Texas Children’s for critical care fellowship. She is the director of the pediatric ECMO program and the pediatric critical care medicine fellowship at Children’s Mercy Kansas City. Her professional and research interests include trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole ARDS, ECMO and medical education.
Dr John Daniel, MD is an Associate Professor of Pediatrics at the University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine. He completed his pediatric residency at the University of South Carolina and his neonatology fellowship at the University of Kentucky. He now is a practicing Neonatal Cardiac Intensivist and the director of the neonatal ECMO program at Children’s Mercy Kansas City.
Learning Objectives:
After listening to this episode, learners should be able to:
The Identify key networking opportunities within the ECMO world.
Understand the risks and benefits of VV-ECMO cannulation.
Discuss common and newer indications for VV-ECMO cannulation in neonates and school-aged children.
ECMO Patient Stories from Children’s Mercy Kansas City:
Maclare, Graeme, et al. Extracorporeal Life Support: The ELSO Red Book. 6th Edition.
Pelosi, er al. Close down the lungs + keep them resting to minimize ventilator induced lung injury.
Maharaj et al, Right Ventricular Dysfunction is Associated with Increased Mortality in Patients Requiring Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation for Coronavirus Disease 2019
Nirmal S Sharma et al. Flexible Bronchoscopy Is Safe and Effective in Adult Subjects Supported With Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
Rosner EA et al. Flexible Bronchoscopy in Pediatric Venovenous Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation.
Gurnani et al. Outcomes of Extubated COVID and Non-COVID Pat
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Thank you for listening to this episode of PedsCrit. Please remember that all content during this episode is intended for educational and entertainment purposes only. It should not be used as medical advice. The views expressed during this episode by hosts and our guests are their own and do not reflect the official position of their institutions. If you have any comments, suggestions, or feedback-you can email us at pedscritpodcast@gmail.com. Check out http://www.pedscrit.comfor detailed show notes. And visit @critpeds on twitter and @pedscrit on instagram for real time show updates.
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