076 The Contested Reorganization of the First Presidency in 1847
Aug 13, 2024
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This discussion features Sidney Rigdon, a pivotal figure in the early Latter Day Saint movement known for his contentious leadership style, and Brigham Young, the key leader who guided the migration to the Salt Lake Valley. They delve into the dramatic leadership struggles after Joseph Smith's death. Listeners will find gripping tales of Rigdon’s excommunication and Young's push to reorganize the First Presidency amidst spirited debates. The dynamics within the Twelve Apostles reveal an intricate web of authority, governance, and personal conflict during this transformative era.
The excommunication of Sidney Rigdon in 1844 set the stage for a leadership transition that lasted over three years.
Brigham Young's concerns about the effectiveness of the Twelve Apostles led to a decisive debate on reestablishing the First Presidency in 1847.
Conflicts regarding church governance highlighted differing views on authority within the Quorum of the Twelve, ultimately resulting in a more structured leadership.
Deep dives
The Shift in Church Leadership
In August 1844, shortly after the Nauvoo saints voted to sustain the Twelve Apostles as the new leaders of the church, Sidney Rigdon was excommunicated. For over three years, Brigham Young and the Twelve operated as a collective leadership, completing the Nauvoo Temple and orchestrating the exodus out of the U.S. However, Brigham Young became increasingly concerned about the effectiveness of the Twelve solely leading the church without a structured first presidency. This unease led to a spirited debate among the Twelve, eventually culminating in the formal re-establishment of the first presidency on December 27, 1847.
Sidney Rigdon's Fallout
After being sustained as leaders, tensions arose between the Twelve and Sidney Rigdon when Rigdon began championing his authority and ordaining individuals as prophets without proper sanction. His erratic sermons and claims, including a prophecy about defeating the British army, unsettled church leaders. Brigham Young, along with other apostles, sought to confront Rigdon about these claims, which he deemed heretical. Following a lengthy trial involving thousands of congregation members, Rigdon was ultimately excommunicated for his questionable behavior and teachings.
The Discussion on Apostolic Interregnums
The concept of apostolic interregnums, periods without a first presidency, was integral to the discussion about leadership succession. While the church today sees swift transitions, historically, the gap after Joseph Smith's death lasted about three years. This inconsistency highlighted the need for a clearer structure as the new leaders took shape. Brigham Young’s insistence on establishing a first presidency was influenced by the challenges faced during the apostolic interregnum following Rigdon’s dismissal.
Brigham Young’s Leadership Philosophy
Brigham Young's leadership approach emphasized practicality and revelation as guiding principles for church governance. Through council meetings, he advocated for a structured authority that maintained a division between the first presidency and the Twelve Apostles. Young argued the necessity of having a first presidency to facilitate effective decision-making and manage church affairs. This emphasis led to a pivotal conversation about reorganizing the church's leadership into a more formal hierarchy during a council meeting in December 1847.
Debate Over Council Structure
The conflicts within the Quorum of the Twelve over the roles and authority of church leadership highlighted varied perspectives on governance. Brigham Young argued for re-establishing a first presidency, while Orson Pratt contended for equal authority within the quorum. Their dynamic discussions revealed tensions about leadership structures and the need for checks and balances in church governance. Ultimately, the council decided in favor of re-establishing the first presidency, setting a precedent for future leadership transitions in the church.
Shortly after the Nauvoo Saints voted on August 8, 1844 to sustain the Twelve Apostles as the new leaders of Church, Sidney Rigdon was excommunicated (for reasons we will discuss in this episode). Then for more than three years, between 1844 and 1847, Brigham Young and the Twelve led the Church as a group of equals. Together they oversaw the completion of the Nauvoo temple and organized an exodus out of the United States.
Yet after leading a vanguard company to the Salt Lake Valley in 1847, Brigham Young became concerned about the Twelve collectively leading the Church and became persuaded (for reasons we will discuss) that it was time to reorganize the First Presidency. But his proposal was not uncontested by the Twelve. And so, in a spirited series of debates, with Orson Pratt leading the opposition, Brigham Young ultimately persuaded the majority of the Twelve to reestablish the First Presidency, which officially took place on 27 December 1847 at the Kanesville Tabernacle in Council Bluffs, Iowa.
In this episode of Church History Matters, we dig into the intriguing details of all of this.