In Moscow's Shadows 122: Taking on Conventional Wisdom About Putin
Nov 12, 2023
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Exploring the accuracy of conventional assumptions about Putin, including his consistency and need for war. Discussing the emerging opposition in Russia and the impact of public opinion. Examining Putin's ability to maintain a national mission without a shooting war. Highlighting the importance of being realistic in negotiating with Putin.
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Quick takeaways
Putin's objectives are modified by circumstances and plausibility, prioritizing survival and protecting resources and cronies.
While an autocrat, Putin cares about public opinion and uses propaganda to maintain support and legitimacy.
Deep dives
Conventional Wisdom: Putin's Fixed Objectives
There is a conventional notion that Putin has clear and unchanging objectives for Russia, but the reality is more nuanced. While Putin has a general idea of what he wants for himself and Russia, his objectives are modified by circumstances and plausibility. His ultimate priority is survival and protecting his resources and cronies. For example, in the case of Ukraine, he wants control, but the meaning of control can vary. Deals can be made with Putin, but they need to be built with safeguards and penalties for failure.
Conventional Wisdom: Putin's Indifference to Public Opinion
While Putin is an autocrat, public opinion still matters. Authoritarian regimes, including Putin's, need to be concerned about how their population perceives them. Propaganda and maintaining legitimacy are crucial elements in shaping public opinion. Putin is obsessed with maintaining the support of the population to prevent revolution or de-legitimization of his regime. The existence of elections and the substantial propaganda machinery in Russia are evidence that Putin does care about public opinion.
Conventional Wisdom: Putin's Need for War
There is a belief that Putin needs the war in Ukraine for political purposes, but this is only partially true. The war has become an organizing principle for the regime, offering a heroic narrative and a sense of purpose for the population. However, Putin can maintain the grand narrative and political struggle without the actual shooting war. The shooting war brings economic and political challenges, which can be avoided while still mobilizing the population around a mission.
Conventional Wisdom: Making Deals with Putin is Impossible
While it is true that trust cannot be placed in Putin, deals can still be made with safeguards and penalties for non-compliance. Deals are not based on blind trust, but rather concrete measures and guarantees. Negotiations will need to be cautious and backed with serious commitments. It may not be possible to reach a deal at this time, but it is not a reason to avoid talking to the Russians when the time is right.
After looking at a few recent news stories that caught my eye, on everything from the Ministry of Happiness to a surprisingly subversive economic plan, I look at four conventional wisdoms about Putin. He knows what he wants and it never changes. He doesn't have to care about public opinion. He needs the war to go on for ever. He can't be negotiated with. It's not, in my opinion, that they are all outright wrong, but two of them are, and two need more nuance. Without understanding that, we condemn us all to the current status quo so long as Putin is in the Kremlin -- at the very least.
The events I mentioned are at De Balie in Amsterdam on 20 November (details here) and Pushkin House in London on 4 December (details here).
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