This podcast explores the tradeoffs between RAG and fine-tuning for LLMs. It discusses implementing RAG in production, question and answer generation using JSON and LOM models, using GPT for test question generation in agriculture, evaluating relevance in email retrieval, and the use of RAG and fine-tuning for QA pair generation.
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Quick takeaways
Rag and fine-tuning are two different approaches used in ML, with rag offering more advanced capabilities for search and retrieval.
Implementing rag in production can be challenging due to various steps and problems involved in storing, retrieving, and evaluating knowledge base articles.
Deep dives
Comparison between search and retrieval methods and rag
Search and retrieval methods, which are the traditional ML version of rag, are commonly used in recommendation systems and search engines. Rag, on the other hand, adds an augmented generation aspect to search and retrieval, allowing for more advanced capabilities. Both search and retrieval methods and rag are used for similar purposes and share use cases.
Challenges and complexities of implementing rag in production
Implementing rag in production can be complex and pose various challenges. Steps such as storing and indexing knowledge base articles, embedding queries and documents, retrieving relevant documents, ranking them, and evaluating responses all require careful attention and thorough evaluations. Each step can have its own set of problems, making the implementation of rag in production a challenging task.
Fine-tuning versus rag in LM use cases
Fine-tuning is suitable for LM use cases when you have your own proprietary data or access to an open-source LM. It can be cost-effective and effective for specific tasks, but it requires finding ways to leverage your own data. Rag, on the other hand, is commonly used in industry for LM use cases. While it offers promising results, it can be expensive and comes with complexities and challenges in production.
Evaluation metrics and considerations in rag and fine-tuning
Evaluation metrics play an essential role in assessing the performance of rag and fine-tuning. The paper discusses various metrics used, such as relevance, coherence, groundedness, and token count for detail. However, there are debates around which metrics are most effective and how to interpret them. Different teams and researchers have different preferences and interpretations. The evaluation process should be tailored to the specific use case and goals of the project.
This week, we’re discussing "RAG vs Fine-Tuning: Pipelines, Tradeoff, and a Case Study on Agriculture." This paper explores a pipeline for fine-tuning and RAG, and presents the tradeoffs of both for multiple popular LLMs, including Llama2-13B, GPT-3.5, and GPT-4.
The authors propose a pipeline that consists of multiple stages, including extracting information from PDFs, generating questions and answers, using them for fine-tuning, and leveraging GPT-4 for evaluating the results. Overall, the results point to how systems built using LLMs can be adapted to respond and incorporate knowledge across a dimension that is critical for a specific industry, paving the way for further applications of LLMs in other industrial domains.