
New Books in History Deana Heath, "Colonial Terror: Torture and State Violence in Colonial India" (Oxford UP, 2021)
Oct 27, 2025
Deana Heath, an academic specializing in Indian and colonial history, discusses her book on the centrality of torture to British colonial rule in India. She reveals how Indian police, often acting on behalf of British authorities, engaged in systematic violence to uphold state power. The conversation explores the unique structure of colonial governance, contrasting it with Mughal rule, and delves into the moral complexities of policing, the horrific biopolitical policies during famines, and the tangled legacy of these practices that persist in modern India.
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Colonial Regime Of Exception
- Deana Heath argues British rule in India formed a 'regime of exception' that legalized extra-legal violence.
- The British enabled police powers that produced ubiquitous terror, especially among marginalized groups.
Modern Policing Replaced Mughal Flexibility
- Heath contrasts Mughal 'handloom' rule with British 'power loom' centralization and totalizing policing.
- The British imported semi-militarized policing that vastly increased state violence and legal offenses.
Famines As Biopolitical Policy
- Heath links famines to biopolitical decisions where some populations were 'let die' for perceived social benefit.
- British laissez-faire famine policy reflected ideas that surplus poor were a drain and their deaths were tolerable.

