La conoscenza del “caso” secondo san Tommaso d’Aquino | Lorella Congiunti

Girolamo Cardano's 'De Ludo Aleae' is a seminal work on probability theory, written in the 16th century but published posthumously in 1663. It explores the mathematical principles underlying games of chance, such as dice and cards. Cardano discusses concepts like expectation, odds, and fair games, providing insights into how to calculate probabilities and make informed decisions in gambling. The book also delves into the psychological aspects of gambling, examining the motivations and behaviors of players. 'De Ludo Aleae' laid the foundation for the development of modern probability theory and its applications in various fields.

Aristotle's "Physics" is a comprehensive treatise on natural philosophy, covering a wide range of topics related to motion, change, and the nature of reality. It explores concepts such as motion, time, space, and the elements. The book presents Aristotle's views on the universe and its workings, including his ideas on the four elements (earth, air, fire, and water) and the concept of a prime mover. "Physics" significantly influenced scientific thought for centuries, although many of its ideas have since been superseded by modern physics. It remains a valuable historical document that reveals the intellectual landscape of ancient Greece.

St. Thomas Aquinas's Summa Contra Gentiles is a comprehensive work aiming to refute errors of non-Christians using reason and revelation. It systematically addresses philosophical and theological issues, demonstrating the compatibility of faith and reason. The work is divided into four parts, covering God, creation, the human person, and Christ. It's a cornerstone of Thomistic thought, influencing generations of theologians and philosophers. Its impact on Christian apologetics and intellectual history is undeniable. The Summa Contra Gentiles remains a significant resource for understanding Aquinas's approach to philosophical and theological inquiry.

The Summa Theologica is a comprehensive work divided into three parts. The first part deals with God, the creation of the world, angels, and the nature of man. The second part is subdivided into two sections: the first part of the second part discusses general principles of morality and law, while the second part of the second part addresses morality in particular, including individual virtues and vices. The third part, left unfinished by Aquinas, focuses on the person and work of Christ and the sacraments. The work also includes a posthumous supplement that concludes the third part and discusses Christian eschatology. Aquinas drew on Aristotelian and Augustinian influences and aimed to integrate faith and reason in his theological arguments.