Andreas E. Feldmann, "Repertoires of Terrorism: Organizational Identity and Violence in Colombia's Civil War" (Columbia UP, 2024)
Sep 22, 2024
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Andreas E. Feldmann, a researcher delving into terrorism and civil conflict in Colombia, explores the unique ways armed groups utilize violence during civil wars. He reveals how organizational identity influences these diverse strategies, shaping the behaviour of guerrilla groups, paramilitaries, and state security forces. Feldmann shares personal insights tied to his family's refugee history and discusses the evolution of tactics post-2016 Peace Accord. His findings underline the broader implications for understanding violence and humanitarian efforts in similar contexts.
Dr. Andreas Feldmann argues that armed groups' distinct uses of terrorism during Colombia's civil war stem from their unique organizational identities.
The study reveals that patterns of violence are shaped by armed groups' identities, which influence their methods and motives in conflict.
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Understanding Armed Groups in Colombia
Dr. Andreas Feldman's work focuses on the different uses of terrorism by armed groups during Colombia's civil war. His research emphasizes the need to understand how various groups, such as FARC and ELN, employ violence uniquely based on their organizational identity. By examining interviews and judicial records, Feldman identifies distinct patterns, such as FARC's emphasis on kidnappings and bombings versus ELN's reluctance to bomb civilian areas. This analysis suggests that the motives and methods of these groups are not universally similar but rather shaped by their identity and the context of their activities.
Data Collection Methodology
Feldman employed a multifaceted approach to collect data for his research, relying on a variety of sources to examine the operational methods of armed groups. These sources included a database from a Colombian organization chronicling human rights abuses, as well as interviews with humanitarian workers and officials involved in peace efforts. He consciously chose not to interview members of armed groups, fearing that their perspectives might distort the understanding of their actions due to biases. Instead, he used judicial records from trials against armed group leaders to uncover reliable information about their violent tactics and motivations.
Implications of Identity on Terrorism
Feldman argues that the organizational identity of armed groups has a significant impact on their choice of terrorist tactics, leading to identifiable 'calling cards' for different groups. This differentiation enables civilians to recognize which group is responsible for specific acts of violence, a phenomenon that underscores the unique characteristics and motives driving each organization. The ongoing shifts in group identities, especially post-2016 peace accords, raise questions about the future behavior and effectiveness of these armed groups in Colombia. Understanding these dynamics can help international actors develop better strategies for humanitarian engagement and conflict resolution.
Why do armed groups employ terrorism in markedly different ways during civil wars? Drawing on more than a decade of fieldwork, Dr. Andreas E. Feldmann examines the disparate behaviour of actors including guerrilla groups, state security forces, and paramilitaries during Colombia’s long and bloody civil war. Analysing the varieties of violence in this conflict, he develops a new theory of the dynamics of terrorism in civil wars.
In Repertoires of Terrorism: Organizational Identity and Violence in Colombia's Civil War (Columbia University Press, 2024) Dr. Feldmann argues that armed groups’ distinct uses—repertoires—of terrorism arise from their particular organisational identities, the central and enduring attributes that distinguish one faction from other warring parties. He investigates a range of groups that took part in the Colombian conflict over the course of its evolution from ideological to criminal warfare, demonstrating that organisational identity plays a critical role in producing and rationalising violence. Armed parties employ their unique repertoires as a means of communication to assert their relevance and territorial presence and to differentiate themselves from enemies and rivals. Repertoires of Terrorism is based on an extensive data set covering thousands of incidents, as well as interviews, archival research, and testimony. It sheds new light on both armed groups’ use of violence in Colombia’s civil war and the factors that shape terrorist activity in other conflicts.
This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose new book focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars.