This podcast focuses on Surgical Oncology Oral Board Review. It covers high-yield scenarios, tips, and tricks for passing the oral exam. The most interesting topics include the diagnosis and treatment options for ductal carcinoma in situ, discussing various treatment options, including surgery, surveillance, and radiation therapy for preventing local recurrence.
Assessing individual risks such as tumor size and margin status is crucial in determining the need for radiation therapy in the treatment of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
There are ongoing clinical trials exploring surveillance without surgery as a potential treatment option for low-risk patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS).
Deep dives
Detection and assessment of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS)
A 62-year-old woman with a new diagnosis of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) undergoes a core biopsy after abnormal calcifications are detected on a mammogram. Following a physical examination and assessment of the extent of the calcifications, the primary treatment options for DCIS, lumpectomy, and mastectomy, are discussed. The patient's pathology report indicates intermediate-grade DCIS that is estrogen receptor positive, leading to a discussion of treatment options including lumpectomy with radiation or mastectomy with or without immediate reconstruction. The importance of assessing individual risks, such as tumor size and margin status, is emphasized in determining the need for radiation therapy. The use of genomic assays to further determine risks is also mentioned.
Radiation therapy for ductal carcinoma in situ
The podcast episode discusses the role of radiation therapy in the management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Standard radiation therapy is administered to the entire breast over the course of three weeks to help prevent local recurrence of DCIS or the development of invasive breast cancer. The estimated risk of local recurrence without radiation is approximately 20%, and radiation can reduce this risk by 50% on average, decreasing the risk to 10% or less at 10 years. Factors such as tumor grade, size, and margin status are mentioned to assess individual risks and determine the need for radiation therapy. The episode also highlights the use of genomic assays and clinical trials that explore surveillance without surgery as an alternative approach.
Clinical staging and treatment options for precancerous DCIS
The podcast episode addresses the clinical stage and treatment options for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), commonly referred to as stage zero or precancer. Surgical resection is currently considered the standard of care for DCIS. However, there are ongoing clinical trials, like the Comet trials, which investigate surveillance without surgery for low-risk patients. The importance of pathology reports, tumor grading, and genomic assays in determining individual risk and treatment decision-making is emphasized. The episode also touches on the potential need for a second surgery to perform a sentinel node procedure in cases where a small invasive cancer is discovered.
Our Surgical Oncology Oral Board Audio Review includes 46 high-yield scenarios that cover all of the SCORE CGSO topics designed for Surgical Oncology Surgeons by Surgical Oncology Surgeons.
Scenarios are 5 to 7 minutes long and include a variety of tactics and styles. If you are able to achieve this level of performance in your preparation you are sure to pass the oral exam with flying colors. The second part introduces high-yield commentary to each scenario. This commentary includes tips and tricks to help you dominate the most challenging scenarios in addition to practical, easy-to-understand teaching that covers the most confusing topics we face as surgical oncology surgeons. We are confident you will find this unique, dual format approach a highly effective way to prepare for the test.