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History is filled with incapable leaders (the modern world is too, but that’s another story), but it’s hard to find any that are quite as incompetent as Sultan Ibrahim of the Ottoman Empire. Reigning from 1640 until his inevitable execution in 1648, he earned the title Ibrahim the Mad. However, considering the guy spent his entire upbringing in a cage, it’s not really a shock that he wasn’t a good ruler.

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