/482/ The Philippines' Dynasty & Duterte's Arrest ft. Walden Bello
Apr 22, 2025
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In this conversation with Walden Bello, a renowned public intellectual from the Philippines, listeners dive into the turbulent world of Filipino politics. Bello discusses the implications behind Duterte's arrest and the concept of 'lawfare.' He offers insights into the entrenched political dynasties, describing the Philippines as an 'anarchy of families.' The dialogue also touches on the challenges of left-wing activism, geopolitics in the South China Sea, and lessons for the future amidst changing global dynamics.
Duterte's administration reflects a significant shift in Philippine foreign policy, moving away from pro-US alignment to closer ties with China amidst global geopolitical tensions.
The dominance of political dynasties in the Philippines creates an 'anarchy of families' that complicates efforts for a more representative governance structure and limits electoral choices.
The decline of the leftist movement in the Philippines illustrates the challenges of fragmentation and state repression, hindering its potential to address pressing social issues like agrarian reform.
Deep dives
Duterte's Authoritarian Legacy
Rodrigo Duterte, who served as president of the Philippines from 2016 to 2022, is known for his severe crackdown on drugs, which allegedly led to the extrajudicial killings of thousands. His regime employed violent tactics, having operated death squads during his time as mayor of Davao, and humorously compared his desire to eliminate drug users to Hitler’s genocide. Duterte’s presidency marked a significant pivot from a pro-US stance toward closer ties with China, reflecting a broader trend among authoritarian leaders who capitalize on nationalistic sentiments to consolidate power. The controversies surrounding his administration, including the recent arrest warrant issued by the International Criminal Court, underscore the complexities of Philippine politics, where legacy, governance, and dynastic competition converge.
Dynastic Politics and Power Struggles
The political landscape in the Philippines is heavily influenced by dynastic families, leading to intense competition and conflicts among elite factions. Duterte’s alliance with the Marcos family reveals how personal and political interests often align in complex ways, resulting in power struggles that shape governance. These political dynasties not only compete at the national level but also dominate local politics, where elections often involve limited choices between rival families. This 'anarchy of families' system presents challenges in establishing a more representative and egalitarian political framework in the country.
The Role of the Left in Philippine Politics
The decline of the left in the Philippines has roots in past strategic mistakes and a failure to adapt to shifting political landscapes, leading to marginalization in contemporary discourse. Historical context reveals that the left played a significant role during the dictatorship of Marcos, but its absence during the EDSA revolution limited its re-emergence as a legitimate political force. Today, leftist agendas resonate with the public, particularly concerning agrarian reform and social justice; however, the fragmentation within the left hampers its electoral viability. Moreover, state repression and failed organizational strategies contribute to the political disillusionment felt among younger generations seeking alternatives to the entrenched dynastic politics.
Geopolitical Significance of the Philippines
The Philippines holds a strategic position in the South China Sea, where tensions between China and the United States have intensified in recent years. While there is an overarching sense of anxiety regarding Chinese expansionism in the region, many in the Philippines continue to favor a pro-American stance, rooted in historical alliances formed during American colonialism. The recent military cooperation between the Philippines and the United States reflects a complex interplay of national sovereignty, economic interests, and global geopolitical dynamics. Discussions about foreign policy highlight the challenge of balancing national interests against external pressures while striving for an independent stance in the face of rising global tensions.
Crisis and Opportunity: Insights from Gramsci
In navigating the tumultuous political terrain, lessons from theorists like Antonio Gramsci emphasize the intertwined nature of crisis and opportunity in historical change. Gramsci's notion of 'pessimism of the intellect and optimism of the will' emphasizes the importance of critical analysis while maintaining hope for progress. Moreover, his assertion that 'the old order is dying and a new one has yet to be born' underscores the transformative potential that crises can create if harnessed by engaged movements. These insights serve as a clarion call for individuals and organizations to actively participate in shaping political realities, recognizing that change often emerges from periods of profound disruption.
Renowned public intellectual Walden Bello talks to Alex and contributing editor Lee Jones about his recently published memoirs, former president Rodrigo Duterte's arrest, warring political dynasties and more.
What's behind Duterte's arrest? Is it lawfare?
How did the Philippines comes to be an ‘anarchy of families’?
What are the barriers to doing left-wing political work in the Philippines?
How has Walden been involved with the social-democratic party Akbayan?
What does China's rise mean for developing countries and the global South?
What are Walden's key lessons for the ‘end of the End of History’?
