Rebels and Exiles: A Biblical Theology of Sin and Restoration with Matthew Harmon
Aug 5, 2024
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Matthew Harmon, a professor of New Testament studies at Wheaton College, dives into his book, exploring profound questions about sin and exile. He elucidates how these themes intertwine throughout the Bible, tracing humanity's rebellion and the hope for restoration. The conversation highlights the importance of understanding biblical narratives to embrace a Christian identity as exiles in a conflicting world. Harmon also presents a gospel-centered perspective, emphasizing believers' roles in fostering hope amid life's challenges.
Sin is depicted as a deviation from God's will, leading to a state of exile that affects humanity's relationship with Him.
The promise of restoration through Jesus signals a profound hope for exiled believers, urging them to engage purposefully with the world.
Deep dives
Understanding Sin and Exile
Sin is defined as any deviation from God's revealed will in various forms, including rebellion and idolatry, while exile represents living in a place that is not home, often without choice. The discussion outlines how from the beginning of the Scriptures, specifically in Genesis, the consequences of sin include a rupture in the relationship between humanity and God, introducing the notion of exile from divine presence. Genesis also introduces elements of hope, with the premise that the exile caused by sin will be addressed through God's promises, particularly seen in His covenant with Abraham. This foundational narrative establishes the context for understanding the ongoing themes of sin, exile, and the promise of restoration throughout the biblical canon.
Israel's Journey of Rebellion and Restoration
The podcast discusses Israel's history, highlighting how their identity as God's chosen people was challenged by their repeated rebellion against God, often through idolatry. God's presence was amidst them, yet their choices led to significant ruptures in this relationship, resulting in prophetic warnings of impending exile. Exile is framed not just as punishment but as a consequence of their actions, reshaping their understanding of covenant and God's promises. Despite returning from exile, the Israelites found themselves in a situation that fell short of the complete restoration God had promised, leaving questions about the future fulfillment of those promises.
The Christological Fulfillment of Exile
The New Testament introduces Jesus as the fulfillment of the promises made to Israel, linking His ministry to the restoration from exile through His actions and teachings. John the Baptist's role is significant, as he sets the tone for understanding that Jesus’ mission is tied to the promises of restoration for those in exile. Jesus references Old Testament prophecies that connect healing and restoration to the coming of God's kingdom, signaling His role in alleviating both physical and spiritual exile. His death and resurrection signify not just personal redemption but also a broader restoration, as believers are united with Him in His victory over the consequences of exile and sin.
Living as Redeemed Exiles in a Fallen World
The Christian life is framed as living in a state of ongoing exile, highlighted by the understanding that while redeemed, believers do not yet fully experience the promised new creation. Emphasizing practical implications, the concept urges Christians to hold their citizenship in the kingdom of God while engaging with the current world, grounding their hope in God's ultimate restoration. Believers are reassured that the indwelling Holy Spirit is a foretaste of the fullness to come, strengthening them to live as faithful agents of God's truth amid adversity. The New Testament’s emphasis on believers as exiles serves as a reminder to engage in the world with purpose, reflecting God's kingdom while anticipating the ultimate fulfillment of living in His presence.
In this episode, Caleb is joined by Matthew Harmon (PhD, Wheaton College) professor of New Testament studies to discuss his recent book, Rebels and Exiles: A Biblical Theology of Sin and Restoration. Together, they discuss things questions like: What is sin and where did it come from? How do sin and exile relate? How do these twin themes relate to one another? What is the Bible's solution to sin? And more.
