89. Facebook scores your politics with a number. Brendan Nyhan figured out what they do with it. (Part 1 of 2)
Sep 27, 2023
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Political scientist Brendan Nyhan dives into his research on Facebook's impact on people's politics, algorithms, social media, and American democracy. Topics includes analyzing Facebook's echo chamber effect, ideology scores, content exposure, algorithm changes, and the minimal effects of political persuasion and advertising.
Exposure to like-minded content on Facebook may not significantly impact political attitudes.
Social media's role in political polarization is smaller than previously believed, suggesting deeper roots of polarization.
Deep dives
Echo Chambers on Facebook: More Prevalent than Polarizing
The podcast episode discusses a study conducted on Facebook content exposure, focusing on the prevalence of echo chambers. The research measured the information exposure of the entire U.S. adult population and found that about half of the content encountered on Facebook comes from like-minded sources. However, it's important to note that most of this content is not explicitly political or news-related. The study also conducted an experiment where participants' exposure to content from like-minded sources was reduced. Surprisingly, the study found that this decrease in exposure did not have a significant impact on participants' attitudes. It suggests that the effect of social media on political polarization may be smaller than previously believed.
The Role of Algorithms and Human Behavior
The podcast explores the role of algorithms and human behavior in creating echo chambers on social media platforms. It highlights how social media platforms, like Facebook, recommend content based on users' preferences and engagement, potentially leading to increased homophily in selecting accounts to follow. The study indicates that changing the algorithmic feed to a reverse chronological order may not solve the problem of political isolation. Additionally, the research shows that individuals have a behavioral response when exposed to content from like-minded sources: they engage with it more frequently. However, reducing exposure to this content has a limited effect on overall engagement and does not significantly impact users' political attitudes.
Challenging the Impact of Social Media on Political Leanings
The podcast challenges the notion that social media has a significant impact on individuals' political leanings. It references studies that have found minimal effects of political ads and social media content on influencing political attitudes. The episode suggests that political polarization has deeper roots and is not solely caused by social media. It calls for a shift in focus towards addressing specific harms associated with social media, such as threats to democracy, undermining vaccination efforts, and targeted forms of hate and violence, rather than solely focusing on generalized persuasion and polarization effects. The conversation aims to reframe the discussion around social media's role in society.
Does Facebook make people’s politics more extreme? Do algorithms force us into bubbles? Does social media threaten American democracy? Political scientist Brendan Nyhan used his permission to research political data on Facebook as an opportunity to tackle these questions head on. In part one of our interview with Brendan, he tells us about his contribution […]
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