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Real estate private equity firms typically consist of general partners (GPs) and limited partners (LPs), where GPs handle the investment and management responsibilities while LPs provide the capital. The GP raises funds from LPs to purchase real estate, often investing alongside them, which is known as co-investment. The key elements of profit distribution include preferred returns, or 'prefs', which dictate that a specified return percentage is paid to LPs before GPs receive any profits. For instance, in a deal with an 8% pref, LPs would receive the first $8,000 on a $100,000 investment before GPs earn any return.